Neuro Block 4

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N. cerelus produces what nt?

norepinephrine
Midbrain raphe produces what nt?

Serotonin
What is Psilocin?

serotonin agonist in mushroom
Mescaline is what?

serotonin agonist in cactus
What is the mode of action of ecstasy?
- massive release of endogenous serotonin
- depletes serotonergic neurons----causes depression---needs prozac
What is adenosin?

neuromodulator
Adenosin acts where?

at the membrane other than a synapse
What is the effect of adenosi?

neuronal depressant
What inhibits adenosin?

caffeine, theophylline
What are the excitatory a.a?
- aspartate--- SC
- glutamate --CNS
Inhibitory a.a?

GABAa
Is glycine inhibitory or excitatory?

Inhibitory
Strychnine inhibits what?

Glycine
What is strychnine?

Glycine antagonist
Large molecule nt are what?

polypeptides
Nitric oxide and carbon monoxide are what kind of neurotransmitters?

retrograde
Lish nodules are seen in what condition?

Neurofibromatosis
What is the SIN of MS?
- Scanning speech
- Internuclear opthalmoplegia
- Intention tremor
- Incontinence Urinary
- Nystagmus
What bacterium causes meningitis in newborn?

Group B cocci
What determines whether something is sour, sweet or salty?

population of fibers
What information goes to nucleus solitarius?
- baroreceptor
- gut distention
- taste
What goes to N. Ambiguens?
- larynx
- pharynx
- swallowing
What is so special about CNS CN I?

it regenerates
What is the only excitatory cell of the cerebellum?

granule
Receptor for olfactory cell is what?

dendite of a bipolar neuron
What is responsible for the olfactory reflex?

anterior perforated substance
What causes the uncus to bulge out?

amygdala
Olfactory cortex is neo or allocortex?

allocortex--no thalamus
What is the difference between neo and allocortex?
- neo cortex--6 layers and thalamus
- allocortex--3 layers and no thalamus
Another name for uncinate fit is?

Jacksonian Seizure
Another name for Jacksonian Seizure is what?

Uncinate fit
What preceds a Jacksonian Seizure?

Unpleasant smell
Where is the uncus/amygdala located?

base of Temporal Lobe
Which part is important for learning and memmory?

Hipocampus
In what condition are CA1 neurons of the hippocampus destroyed?

Alzeheimers
What is the reward area of the brain called?

Septal Area
What is required for declarative memory?

Papez circuit
What is required for procedural memory?

striatum/cerebellum
Amygdala has what two parts?
- olfactory
- limbic
The septal are is for what?

reward area
The septal area is located where?

around the periaqueductal gray
Long term memory involves what synthesis?

protein synthesis
Presynaptic Calcium is the basis for what kind of memory?

short term
Post synaptic calcium is the basis for what type of memory?

Long term memory
Long term potentionation(memory) is seen in what neurons?

CA-1
What are the 3 receptors for Glutamate?
- KINATE
- AMP
- NMDA
In CA-1 neurons how is the NMDA receptor activated

Glu binds to kinate and AMP--> depolarizes the membrane--> Mg kicked off the NMDA receptor--> GLu binds to NMDA---> depolarization--> Ca enters
In a CA-1 neuron how is long term depolarization of the post synaptic membrane achieved?

retrograde transport of NO--> more glutamate released
How is glutamate eliminated?

Astrocyte
Alzheimer's is characterized by the destruction of what nucleus?

N. Basalis----> no Ach
What are the the signs of Alzeimers?
- Intracellular tangles of Microtubule protein Tau
- Extracellular Tangles of Beta ameloid
What 2 conditions predispose to a Alzeimer's?
- Down syndrome
- Parkinson's
What are the 2 higher association cortex areas?

prefrontal and orbitofrontal
Massa intamedia?

Thalami touching eachother
Why is lumbar cistern significant?

sampling of CSF
What anchors Conus Medullaris?

Filum Terminale
Psilocin, Mescaline are what?

serotonin agonist
What does Ecstasy do?

release of serotonin
What inhibits glycine?

strychnine
Whats the effect of inhibiting strychnine?

convulsions
Where does the brain pass?

Incisirium tentorium
CSF from subarachnoid moves into the dural sinus via what?

arachnoid villi
What is the only important subarachnoid cistern?

lumbar cister
What anchors pia?

filum terminale
What is subfocal herniation?

forcing brain under the faux tentorium
Uncal herniation can cause what problems?
- CN III
- breathing problems
What is coning?

cerebellum into foramen magnum pushing against medulla
What forms the Glial Limiting Membrane?
- Pia
- Astrocytes
At what point do CSF and brain communicate?

Epyndymal cells of the ventricles

Author

pszurnicki

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Neuro Block 4

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Neuro Block 4

Updated

2011-04-05T02:48:25Z

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