Ochem-Ch20-COOH-Nitriles

Preparation of Carboxylic Acid
Preparation of Carboxylic Acid
Preparation of Nitrile
Preparation of Nitriles (can use POCl3 too)
Nitrile to Carboxylic Acid
Nitrile to Amine
Nitrile to Ketone
In a carboxylic acid, the carbonyl atom is ___ hybridized.

sp2
Like alcohols, carboxylic acids have ____ bonding and therefore have ___ boiling points.

hydrogen, high
The distinguishing characteristic of carboxylic acids is their ____. Carboxylic acids disassociate more readily than alcohols due to ____.

Acidity. Resonance stabilization.
Carboxylic acids with electron-withdrawing groups are ___ acidic because their carboxylate ions are stabilized.

more
Methods of synthesis of carboxylic acids
- Oxidation of alkylbenzes
- Oxidative cleavage of alkenes
- Oxidation of primary alcohols or aldehydes
- Hydrolysis of nitriles
- Reaction of Grignard agents with CO2
General reactions of carboxylic acids.
- Loss of acidic proton
- Nucleophilic acyl substitution at the carbonyl group
- Substitution at the alpha carbon
- Reduction
Preparation of Nitriles
- Sn2 reaction of alkyl halide with cyanide ion
- Dehydration of an amide
Reactions of Nitriles
- Nucleophilic addition to polar CN bond
- Hydrolysis to carboxylic acids
- Reduction to primary amines
- Reaction with organometallic reagents yielding ketones
Preparation of COOH
- Or O3

Author

lukemlj

ID

73653

Card Set

Ochem-Ch20-COOH-Nitriles

Description

Ochem Ch20 Carboxylic Acids Nitriles

Updated

2011-03-20T06:32:55Z

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