-
Where do light independent and light dependent reactions occur?
- light dependent - thylakoids
- light independent - stroma
-
Know about the different stages of cell respiration.
- pg. 102
- Glycolysis
- Krebs Cycle
- ETC
-
Anaerobic glycolysis
splits glucose into two pyruvate
-
Examples of monocots
grasses, lilies, palms, and orchids
-
Functions of shoot systems
photosynthesis, transport of materials among leaves, flowers, fruits, and roots, and reproduction
-
Light capturing pigments
chlorophyll (pg. 88)
-
End product of aerobic glycolysis
two pyruvate, two ATP, two NADH
-
Glycolysis of cell respiration
?
-
How many ATPs are produced from a complete breakdown of one molecule of glucose in Cellular Respiration?
36-38
-
Functions of Root Systems
anchor plant to ground, absorb and transport water and nutrients from the soil, and store surplus sugars from photosynthesis
-
Xylem and Phloem
- xylem - conducting tissue of vascular plants that transports water and minerals from root to shoot
- phloem - conducting tissue of vascular plants that transports a concentrated sugar solution up and down the plant
-
Parts of a leaf
- pg. 86
- stoma
- vein
- chloroplasts
- mesophyll cells
-
What does bark consist of?
phloem, cork cambium, and cork cells
-
Pith
cells forming the center of a root or stem
-
Why are conifers considered soft wood?
because they lack vessels
-
Tap root, fibrous root systems
- tap root - commonly found in dicots, consists of a long, thick main root and many smaller lateral roots, all that grow from the primary root
- fibrous root - commonly found in monocots, characterized by many roots of the same size arising from the base of the stem
-
Gas exchange in leaves
CO2 to O2 through stomata
-
Legumes are associated with what?
root swelling?
-
Female flower
carpel (pgs. 169 & 343)
-
Types of insects brightly colored flowers attract.
Bees
-
What is necessary for seed germination?
- pg. 347-350
- food reserves
- good temperatures
- water and minerals in soil
- protected tip
-
Parts of a flower?
- pg. 344
- petal
- stamen
- carpel
- sepal
-
What flowers use wind dispersal?
- dandelions and maples (lightweight fruits)
- pg. 357
-
What type uses animal dispersal?
- cocklebur, burdocks, burr clover, foxtails, sticktights
- pg.357
-
Phototropism
growth with respect to direction of light
-
Define auxin.
plant hormone that influences many plant functions like phototropism, apical dominance, and root branching; generally stimulates cell elongation and cell division and differentiation
-
Function of ethylene?
promotes the ripening of fruits and the dropping of fruit and leaves
-
Function of abscisic acid?
inhibits the action of other hormones, enforcing dormancy in seeds and buds and causing the closing of stomata
-
Poinsettia plants are what kind of plants?
-
Spinach is what kind of plant?
long-day
-
Salicylic acid plays what role in plants?
roles in plant growth and development, photosynthesis, transpiration, ion uptake and transport. SA also induces specific changes in leaf anatomy and chloroplast structure. SA is involved in endogenous signaling, mediating in plant defense against pathogens.[4] It plays a role in the resistance to pathogens by inducing the production of pathogenesis-related proteins.[5] It is involved in the systemic acquired resistance (SAR) in which a pathogenic attack on one part of the plant induces resistance in other parts. The signal can also move to nearby plants by salicyclic acid being converted to the volatile ester, methyl salicylate.
-
What causes a venus fly trap to close?
- the trigger hairs are brushed
- Cells in an inner layer of the leaf are very compressed. This creates tension in the plant tissue that holds the trap open.
- Mechanical movement of the trigger hairs puts into motion ATP-driven changes in water pressure within these cells.
- The cells are driven to expand by the increasing water pressure, and the trap closes as the plant tissue relaxes.
-
What happens to fruit when the seeds mature?
the fruit ripens - softer, sweeter, and more bright
-
What provides greatest means of seed dispersal?
animal dispersal
-
Alternations of generations.
life cycle typical of plants in which a diploid sporophyte generation alternates with a haploid gametophyte generation
-
Double fertilization
in flowering plants, the fusion of two sperm nuclei with the nuclei of two cells of the female gametophyte. one sperm fuses with the egg to form zygote; second sperm fuses with two haploid nuclei of primary endosperm to form triploid endosperm cell
-
Secondary xylem and secondary phloem
- 2xylem - produced from cells that arise at the inside of the vascular cambium
- 2phloem - produced from cells that arise at the outside of the vascular cambium
-
What is older, nonfunctional xylem called?
heartwood
-
Define transpiration?
evaporation of water through the stomata of a leaf
-
Dicots
flowering plant characterized by embryos with two cotyledons, or seed leaves, modified for food storage
-
What makes plants grow tall?
primary growth pgs.328-332
-
Primary growth
growth in length and development of the initial structures of plant roots and shoots, due to the cell division of apical meristems and differentiation of the daughter cells.
-
The term whorl 1,2,3,4 is the same as...
sepal, petal, stamen, and carpel respectively
-
-
Salicylic acid
made by plants as part of their immune system; what aspirin is made of.
-
glycolysis
- occurs in the cytoplasm
- aerobic-with oxygen. anerobic-without oxygen.
- Either way we get 2 ATP's.
-
Krebs cycle
occurs in matrix of mitochondria 2 ATP's through 2 turns of the cycle. Also known as citric acid cycle. H2O and CO2 are produced here.
|
|
