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In emphysema, what releases trypsin?
Macrophages
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What are three examples of COPDs?
- 1) Emphysema
- 2) Chronic Bronchitis
- 3) Asthma
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What is the difference in partial pressure of O2 and CO2 in "Pink Puffers" and "Blue Bloaters"?
- Pink Puffers: Low PaO2, normal PaCO2
- Blue Bloaters: Low PaO2, High PaCO2
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What is the Transmural Pressure (Tp) in the lungs and airways in COPD patients?
- Lungs: Positive Tp
- Airway (alveoli): Negative Tp
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Why does Dynamic Compression occur in COPD patients?
The transmural pressure becomes negative (Alveolar pressure less than arterial pressure)
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What are the three Restrictive diseases? What are they?
- Fibrosis: Thickening of lungs
- Sarcoidosis: ball of matter in lungs, inflammation, other organs involved
- Scoliosis: curvature of spine
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What is the diff b/t dextroscoliosis and levoscoliosis?
- Dextro: curvature of spine to right
- Levo: curvature of spine to left
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In a flow-volume curve, is an increased lung volume effort-dependent/independent?
Effort-dependent
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In a flow-volume curve, is an decreased lung volume effort-dependent/independent?
Effort-independent
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What happens to PERF, TLC and RV in the flow-volume curve in restrictive diseases?
- PERF: decreases
- TLC: moves right (Less VC)
- RV: moves right (Less RV)
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What happens to PERF, TLC and RV in the flow-volume curve in COPD diseases?
- PERF: Decreases
- TLC: moves left (increased compliance)
- RV: moves left (increased volume)
- ***there is a scoop on the independent limb
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What is the main problem of CF patients?
Persistent lung infections (>95% die this way)
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