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1. Who is considered the Founder of Biology?
Ans. Aristotle
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2. Who was the first to perform experiments on living animals and demonstrated in the pig that the trachea is an air tube and the lungs were pneumatic organs?
Ans. Erasistratus
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3. Who performed anatomical dissections of animals and is considered the Father of Medicine?
Ans. Galen
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4. Who is the founder of experimental medicine?
Ans. Claude Bernard
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5. The first SPCA was established in England in the 1860s. What is SPCA?
Ans. Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals
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6. Who was the first recipient of a DVM in the U.S.?
Ans. D.E. Salmon
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7. Who was one of the first to demonstrate the role of arthropod vectors in disease?
Ans. Cooper Curtice
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8. Who was the first laboratory animal veterinarian and where did he work?
Ans. Samuel Brimhall, Mayo Clinic
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9. Who was the first vet to attain full professorship for LAM and led a campaign to adopt the Minnesota �pound law�?
Ans. Carl Scholtthauer
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10. What was the name of the state law that authorized the requisitioning for research and education by approved scientific institutions of impounded, but unclaimed dogs and cats?
Ans. Minnesota �pound law�
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11. Who pioneered the concept of the development of �disease-free� animal colonies?
Ans. Charles Griffin
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12. Who was the first recipient of the Charles Griffin award from AALAS?
Ans. Charles Griffin
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13. Who was a founder and first president of AALAS?
Ans. Nathan Brewer
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14. The NSMR was formed to fight anti-vivisection efforts to restrict or prohibit animal experimentation. What is NSMR?
Ans. National Society for Medical Research
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1. Que. What does Orphans of the Storm refer to?
Ans. A humane society in Chicago that held a strong antivivisection outlook.
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2. Que. What was the thrust of the Arvey Ordinance?
Ans. Enacted in Chicago c. 1945, the Arvey Ordinance permitted the medical schools in Chicago to obtain unclaimed dogs and cats from the public pound.
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3. Que. What does NSMR stand for?
Ans. National Society for Medical Research
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4. Que. Who was the first president of NSMR?
Ans. Dr. Anton J. Carlson
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5. Que. What does APS stand for?
Ans. American Physiological Society
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6. Que. What were the three R�s�items incorporated into the design of experiments�coined by Russell and Burch in 1959?
Ans. Refinement of animal studies, reduction in the number of animals used, and replacement of animals, where appropriate.
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7. Que. Name the two organizations that merged to become the National Association for Biomedical Research (NABR).
Ans. National Society for Medical Research and the Association for Biomedical Research
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8. Que. What does the acronym SCAW stand for?
Ans. Scientists� Center for Animal Welfare
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9. Que. Who was the first president of the American Association for Laboratory Animal Science?
Ans. Nathan R. Brewer
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10. Que. What was the original name of AALAS (American Association for Laboratory Animal Science)?
Ans. Animal Care Panel (ACP)
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11. Que. What was the original title for the standard now known as the �Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals�?
Ans. �Guide for Laboratory Animal Facilities and Care�
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12. Que. What year was the name of the Animal Care Panel changed to the American Association of Laboratory Animal Science?
Ans. 1967
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13. Que. __________ (NAS) is a private organization with a federal charter that is the principal advisor to the federal government on matters related to science and policy. Election into its __________ is among one of the highest honors a scientist can receive.
Ans. National Academy of Sciences and Institute of Medicine
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14. Que. What does ICLAS stand for?
Ans. International Council on Laboratory Animal Science
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15. Que. ACLAM stands for what?
Ans. American College of Laboratory Animal Medicine
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16. Que. NIGMS stands for what?
Ans. National Institute of General Medical Sciences
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17. Que. ASLAP is the acronym for what?
Ans. American Society of Laboratory Animal Practitioners.
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18. Que. ASLAP was founded in what year?
Ans. 1967.
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19. Que. AAALAC International is the acronym for what organization?
Ans. Association for Assessment and Accreditation of Laboratory Animal Care International.
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20. Que. AAALAC International was founded/organized in what year?
Ans. 1965.
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21. Que. What agency is responsible for the administration of the Laboratory Animal Welfare Act?
Ans. United States Department of Agriculture.
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22. Que. The Laboratory Animal Welfare Act was changed to what?
Ans. Animal Welfare Act.
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23. Que. Who developed the standards published in the document, which was to be later, renamed �The Guide for Care and Use of Laboratory Animals�? When was this first document published, and what agency revised it to its current form?
Ans. The Standards Committee of the Animal Care Panel developed the standards written into the document entitled �Guide for Laboratory Animal Facilities and Care�. This first document was published in 1963. It has been revised several times by ILAR and is now in its current form, �The Guide for Care and Use of Laboratory Animals�.
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24. Que. What are �GLP�, what agency promulgated them, in what year were they started?
Ans. Good Laboratory Practices are regulations for the conduct of animal experiments relating to new or existing pharmaceutical medicinal substances, food additives or other chemicals. The FDA initiated these regulations in 1978.
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25. Que. What is the current governing legislation in the UK regarding the use of animals?
Ans. The Animals (Scientific Procedures) Act of 1986.
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26. Que. What organization in Canada assesses animal care?
Ans. CCAC (Canadian Council on Animal Care), established in 1968. It uses standards set out in The Guide to the Care and Use of Experimental Animals (CCAC, 1980).
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1. What was the first federal legislation in the U.S. drafted to protect animals and when was it enacted?
A. 28 Hour Law / 1873 (farm animals get food, water, rest at least q 28 hrs)
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2. What was the first federal legislation in the U.S. for lab animals? Enacted when?
A. Lab Animal Welfare Act (PL89-544) / enacted 1966
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3. The 1970 amendment to the lab animal welfare act renamed it what?
A. Animal Welfare Act
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4. When (year) were zoos first required to register with the USDA?
A. 1970 (amendment)
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5. What amendment to AWA effectively created the annual USDA report (year)?
A. 1970 (PL91-579)
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6. What amendment to AWA established transportation standards for animals (year)?
A. 1976 (PL94-279)
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7. Which (year) amendment to AWA specifies that �USDA may not interrupt the conduct of research during inspections?�
A. 1985
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8. The �Pet Theft Act of 1990� was the fourth amendment to the AWA. What did it specifically establish for dogs and cats held at pounds and shelters?
A. 5 day holding period
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9. What organization administers the AWRs within the USDA?
A. APHIS
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10. The complete set of USDA regulations and standards for animals used in research, teaching or testing is found where?
A. CFR Title 9, Subpart A, Chapters 1-4 (AWRs)
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11. What document is used by USDA to clarify the standards set forth in the AWRs?
A. Animal Care Policy Manual
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12. What mice, rats and birds are NOT specifically exempted from the AWRs?
A. Any that are NOT specifically bred for research.
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13. What animal dealers are exempt from USDA licensing and the AWRs?
A. Retail pet stores that don�t sell to research facilities, exhibitors, or wholesale dealers
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14. Dogs and cats acquired by a dealer of exhibitor must be held for how long after acquisition?
A. 5 days not including day of acquisition
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15. What is the holding period for a dog or cat acquired from a contract pound or shelter?
A. 10 days
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16. If a dealer sells a dog or cat to another dealer (after the initial holding period), what is the holding period for the new dealer?
A. 24 hours
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17. When must research facilities hold dogs/cats for 5 days prior to use?
A. When procured from sources other than dealers, exhibitors and exempt persons
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18. How often must research facilities (intermediate handlers, and common carriers) that use regulated species reregister with the USDA (to update info)?
A. every 3 years
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19. What (year) AWA amendment created IACUCs?
A. 1985
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20. The AWRs require a minimum of how many members on the IACUC?
A. 3
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21. Who MUST be on the IACUC according to the AWRs?
A. veterinarian, nonaffiliated member
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22. What is the maximum number of IACUC members that can be from the same administrative unit of a facility?
A. 3
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23. How often must the IACUC perform a program review? Facility inspection?
A. At least q 6 months
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24. The facility inspection/program review report is provided to who(m)?
A. Institutional Official
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25. What is the definition of a �significant� program deficiency?
A. Those that threaten animal health or safety
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26. How long must FIPR reports be maintained at an institution?
A. 3 years
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27. What are the possible outcomes when the IACUC reviews a protocol?
A. Approval, Require modifications (for approval), Withhold approval
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28. If the IACUC suspends research, who must they report the suspension to?
A. USDA
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