medical.txt

• - Increase in the size of the older population
• - Older population represents a larger portion of the total population

• - The number of men per 100 women in a population
• SR= number of males/number of females x 100

- the theoretical upper limit of human longevity

• - Neuroendocrine "wear and tear"
• -limited cell division
• - Free redical damage
• - diminished ability to repair DNA

• - Mortlity
• - Morbidity (physical and mental)
• - Functional health (limitations and disability)

- Age

• - Major depression
• - Dysthymia

- depressive symptoms interfere with ability to work, sleep, eat and enjoy once pleasurable activivties

- long term chronic (but not debilitating) depressive symptoms that diminishes quality of life

- a progressive, degenerative disorder that attacks the brains nerve cells. Sticky plaques and fibrous tangles interfere with neural activity causing memory loss and impairment of language and judgement skills

- Alzheimer's

- 5 million; this number is expected to rise to 16 million by 2050

- after age 60

- about 5% for those 65-74 and over 50% for those 85+

- 8-10 years

- over $100 billion

- aka functional impairment; difficulty performing generic physical actions that are part of everyday living

- "A physical or mental impairment that substantially limits one or more of the major life activities of an individual"

- Activities of Daily Living- activities required for personal care including bathing, dressing, getting to and using the toilet, getting in and out of a bed or chair, walking, getting outside and eating.

- instrumental activities of daily living- activites necessary for maintaining a household including preparing meals, shopping, managing money, using the telephone, light and heavy housework,

• - a system in which groups of people are ranked according to their relative power, property, and prestige.
• - Social stratification refers to groups not individuals, and is universal

- multidimensional system of social stratification based upon wealth, status and power

• - he viewed that the arrangement of social classes is a function of a society's mode of production- the way that goods and services are produced and distributed)
• - in a capitalistic society, social class structure is determined by ownership of the means of production such as land, machinery, factories, financial institutions, technology etc.

• - those who own capital (capitalist)
• - those who sell their labor (workers)

- Weber acknowledged the role that ownership ofthe means of production plays in determining social class; however, he also considered power and prestige as two additional social factors that were equally important.

- ability to carry out one's will despite resistance

- respect, regard, or status given by others

- Wealth (property and income), power, and prestige

• - created in 1964 by mollie orshansky as a tool to be used in the War on Poverty.
• - Based on a Deparment of Agr. survey finding that americans spend about 1/3rd of their mony on food.
• - set the poverty threshold at 3xs the cost of an economy food plan

- the size and ages of family members living in the same household and is adjusted nnually for inflation

- the less affluence the worse the health for all major causes of death, regardless of how class is measured or of gender race or age, for all current societies, and within societies over time (historically)

- the process or pathway through which one variable affects another. If some variable [A] causes another variable [B] there may be other variables [C] that act as causal mechanisms of that effect.

- The threshold model (curved line) and the gradient model (linear line)

- overall mortality, pace of epidemological transition, cancer etc.

grouping of people based on physical features such as skin color, type of hair, or facial features.

- grouping of people based on commin social, cultural, or linguistic background.

- the waus we subjectively organize our ideas around a stimulus or perception regarding a person's appearance and background

- African Americans, Hispanics, Asians and Pacific Islanders, and American Indians and Alaskan Natives

• - Hispanics have had the largest absolute increase (+15 million)
• - Asians/PI have experienced the largest grouwth rate (+179%)

- Whites overall is higher than African Americans

• - Based on SMRs, death rates have not fallen to the same extent as the rest of the US, mortality rates comparable to that of bangladesh, high mortality at all ages below 75 and especially high in the 25-64 age group and for children under 4, higher mortality for all causes except suicide.
• - These patterns common to areas of newyork and other cities that have high proportion of minorities

- SOCIAL CLASS, cultural factors such as diet, health benefits, social networks, and language, and discrimination