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First responder can help ease a victims fear by?
Reassuring– calm cool collective
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What’s the most important
consideration a first responder should do when entering a scene?
Scene Safety
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When should u move a victim that has an illness or injury vs when should u not?
Move only if necessary or immediate danger
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What your personal protection equipment includes
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When can a first responder stop care on a patient once care has begun?
Only when advanced medical personnel relives you
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Compared to a symptom a sign is? (diff between sign and symptom)
Sign you can see, symptom you can feel
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Muscle action is controlled by WHAT NIGGUH?**
Skeletal muscles
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HIV can be transmitted by contact of
Sexual intercourse, Bodily fluids, Blood contact to open cuts
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How TB is transmitted
Through the air
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Why do u take BSI precautions?
For your own safety (scene safety)
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Major system for CHF
Congestive heart failure - failure of the heart to pump adequately
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Circulatory system - what its responsible for
Responsible for carrying out blood throughout your body
-Bloodpump, pipes
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Hepatitis B what it does/do:
- Is a virus that can lead to aids or other bloodlborne
- pathogens. Can spread by direct contact with infected blood.
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Have a storng emotional react
First responders have strong emotional reaction to a scene
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When you are assessing a patients mental status its most important to consider what?
use AVPU scale
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Hpothermia:
A condition in which the internal body temperature falls below 95F after prolonged exposure to cool or freezing temperatures.
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whats Abandonment, negligence and refusal of care?
- Abandonment: leaving
- Negligence : going over ur scope of practice - not carring
- Refusal of care : not doing anything about it
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Whats important when checking scene when approaching a victim
safe to approach - be prepared - get an imagine in ur head - block the scene if necessary - put ur safety before all else
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Best position for an unresponsive breathing patient without trauma
Recovery position
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Pulses most concerned about the __ of a pulse if a victim is not breathing
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condition its called when breathing stopped
respiratory arrest
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How long u should check a victim who is in grave condition vs someone who isn’t
more than 5 no less 10
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Capillary refill what’s normal vs. what’s not
if not refilling quickly its not normal
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Tracea, Epligotus, and pharynx
- Epliglotus controlls food / breathing into lungs
- Tracea - cartilage tubing that exists in your esophogus
- Pharynx - mouth
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Jaw-thrust technique how?
lift jaws to open airway use only when you suspect spine injury
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When giving breaths to a person not breathing how do u do it/how many?
30 compresions 2 breaths
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Scope of practice includes __ as a first responder
- Give oxygen
- maintain airway
- cpr
- remove hazards
- splinting
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coughing forcefully vs chocking
- coughing forcefully - tell them to keep coughing
- chocking - wont be able to cought (weezing complete blockage) heimlich menuver
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Which of the following positions should a victim experiencing pain/discomfort/or diffuclty breathing which position should u allow them to be in?
semi reclining position
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IF Unable to determine altered level of consciousness u should do what?
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If air does not go into a unconscious victim after giving 2 breaths
means airway is blocked - start doing compressions
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What the Function of skeletal system is
support the system, protect the vital system, manufacture red blood cells
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Cardiac arrest
when the heart stops beating
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Normal breathing rate of an adult
15 to 20 breaths per minute
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How often u should give rescue breathes to an infant or child who is not breathing but
DOES have a pulse
1 every 3 seconds
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First 2 breathes do cause a victims chest to rise, what should u do?
reposition head and start again
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Purpose of initial assessment
- check responsive level
- introduce yourself
- determine level of conciouscness
- check airway
- check breathing
- check circulation
- check skin color
- acknowledge chief complaint
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Triage and the start system
Triage : The sorting of patients into groups according to the severity of their injuries - used to determine priorities for treatment and transport
Start system : A system of casualty sorting using simple triage and rapid treatment
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When waiting for advance dmedical personnel dealing with a victim
continue assessing victim untill advanced personnel arrives
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Which is the most dependable method of valuating the effectiveness of rescue breathing
checking if chest rises (look listen feel first)
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Rates for CPR on adult
100 compresions
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difference between ligaments and tendons
- legiments - bone to bone
- tendonds - muscle to bone
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Signs/Symptoms of shock:
- Confusion, restlessness, anxiety
- cold, clammy, sweaty, pale skin
- Rapid breathing
- Rapid, weak pulse
- Increased capillary refill time
- Nausea, Vomiting
- Weakness or fainting
- Thirst
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signs/symptoms of a fracture femur
produces significant deformity, often much bleeding and swelling. Treat for shock and help prevent further injury
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Whats an Occlusive dressing? Whats it made out of?
An Airtight dressing or bandage for a wound. use plastic, petroleum jelly, or gloves
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what happens in anaphylactic shock
sever shock caused by an allergic reaction to food, medicine, or insect stings
symptoms:
- itching sll over
- hives, swelling
- generalized weakness
- unconciousness
- rapid, weak pulse
- rapid, shallow breathing
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What does DT stand for
Delilrium tremens : a severe, often fatal, complication of alcohol withdrawal that can occur from 1 to 7 days after withdrawal. it is characterized by restlessness, fever, sweating, confusion, disorientation, agitation, hallucinations, and convulsions
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What do u do when someone is having a seizure?
dont put anything in the mouth, don't restrain victim - keep away from hurting himself. after seizure and is not breathing begin CPR
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Most affective method to mobilize an injured shoulder:
splint that biznatch.
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how to treat somone who inhaled any type of poison gas:
- Remove him or her from the source of gas
- if patient is not breathing; administer large quanities of oxygen(if available)
- call for prompt transport
*symptoms :
- respiratory distress
- Dizziness
- Cough
- Headache
- Hoarseness
- Confusion
- Chest pain
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How to treat stings and bites:
- Calm the patient
- Apply constricting band for severe swelling
- Apply band but do not cut off circulation
- Apply an ice pack
Snake bites:
- Keep patient calm and quiet
- wash poison off skin with soap and water
- apply constricting band to extremity
- transport to appropriate facility
poison can cause local injury to the skin and muscle and may even involve the entire extremity. can cause:
- respiratory difficulties
- slurred speech
- paralysis
- coma
- seizures
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SHOCK + General treatment for shock
A state of collapse of the cardiovascular system; the state of inadequate delivery of blood to the organs of the body
General treatment for shock:
- 1. Position the patient corectly
- 2. Maintain patients ABC's
- 3. Treat cause of shock, if possible
- 4. Maintain patients body tempurature by placing blankets under and over the patient
- 5. Make sure the patient does not eat or drink anything
- 6. Assist with other treatments such as oxygen
- 7. Arrange for immediate and prompt transport to an appropriate medical facility
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What are ways poison can enter the body?
Poison is a substance that causes illness or death when:
- eaten
- drunk
- inhaled
- injected or absorbed in relatively small qanitities.
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Define Frostbite and when/how it happens
Frostbite can result when exposed parts of the body are in a cold enviroment. It can occur on a winter day, in a walk-in food freezer, or in a cold storage warehouse in the middle of the summer.
*people weakened by old age, medical conditions, exhaustion, or hunger are the most susceptible to frostbite
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After a babies head is delivered and u have checked for life threats - what should you immediately do next?
Make sure the baby is breathing by its cry:
- 40 breaths per minute
- 100 beats per minute
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Different types of heat illnesses + signs/symptoms
Heat exhaustion - occurs when a person is exposed to temperatures above 80F
Heat stroke - person has been in hot enviroment for long time, overwhelming the bodys sweating mechanism
Signs/symptoms:
- Lightheadedness
- Dizziness
- Weak pulse
- Profuse sweating
- Nausea
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Define Epiglottis + signs/symptoms
Epiglottis : severe inflammation and swelling of the voice box that prevents food from entering the larynx. (valve located upper end of the voice box)
signs/symptoms:
- The child is usually sitting upright (does not want to lay down)
- Child cannot swallow
- child is not coughing
- Child is drooling
- child is anxious and frightened
- childs chin is thrust forward
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when holding a child what should u always do?
support the head negro.
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When dealing with a multi-casualty incident who is the person in charge?
Incident commander
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An elderly man has severe heart failure - his left ventricle is not pumping effecient amount of blood with each heart beat, what will most likely happen?
Congestive heart failure
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Easy way of slowing bleedin from afterbirth
Apply clean cloth/gaus bring her promptly to medical area, shift her hips
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assault battery
beating someone (if suspected tell law enforcement officials)
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how to determine if the deliver is imminent
- water breaks
- contractions become larger and more frequent
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