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Describe the key characteristics of AIDs?
- 1) it is characterized by the gradual destruction of cell mediated ( T cell ) immunity and autoimunity
- 2) allows for opportunistic infections, viruses and cancers
- 3) caused by HIV human immunodefiency virus type I and type II
- 4) transmitted through body fluids including from a mother to child and infected blood or blood components
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What are the 3 types of pathophysiologic effects due to HIV infection?
- Autoimmunity - prdt of Autoimmune Ab, Arthritis
- Immunodeficiency- opportuntistic bacterial & viral infections ->cancerous
- Neurologic dysfunction -AIDs denemtia complex, HIV encephalopathy
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Describe the 3 phases of HIV infection?
- 1) Primary infection - syndrome of a fever, increased viral replication w/n 2-4weeks after exposure
- 2) Latent phase - chronic asymptomatic phase, gradually falling CD4+ counts, median duration is 10yrs
- 3) Overt AIDs -CD4+ count <200cells/uLs AIDs definining illness death can occur w/o treatment 2-3yrs
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What are some forms of diagnosis of HIV?
- 1) the use of Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay & western blotting to detect the presence of HIV Abs viral ab
- 2) where normal CD4+ cell count is 1000-1200cells/uL the detection of CD4+ cell count<200cell/uL
- 3) 1 or more conditions specified by the Centers for Disease Control & Prevention
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What are the primary forms of treatment for HIV?
- 1) combination of 3 different types of antiretroviral agents to inhibit HIV viral replication
- 2) use of 2 nucleosides + 1 protease inhibitor
- 3) use of 2 nucleosides + 1 nonnucleoside
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What were some for of treatments that are used that were also use prior to antiviral drugs?
- 1)Immunomodulatory agents
- 2) Human granulocyte colony-stimulating growth factor
- 3) Anti-infective agents
- 4) Anti-neoplastic agents
- 5) Supportive therapy( pain relief, psychological support, nutritional support, fluid & electrolyte therapy
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What are the key factors a physician monitors of infected HIV patients
- 1) CD4+ cell count and viral load
- 2) monitor drug resistance
- 3) review of the systems of the body focusing on neurological factors ( CNS infection), visual changes, diarrhea, fever, shortness of breath
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What type of virus is AIDs classified as?
RNA virus
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