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What are the indications for thiazide diuretics (HCTZ)?
HTN, CHF, renal calculi, diabetes insipidus, chronic renal failure, osteoporosis.
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True/False
HCTZ contains a sulfonamide group as part of its chemical structure.
True.
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How is HCTZ excreted in the body?
Via renal elimination (secretion).
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What is the target MOA of HCTZ? At what part of the nephron does this take place?
- Inhibits the Na/Cl cotransporter.
- Distal convoluted tubule.
*Also has weak CA inhibition
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True/False
HCTZ may lead to hypocalcemia.
- False.
- Since the Na/Cl transporter is inhibited, tubular cells ramp up Na/Ca antiporter and Ca reabsorption is increased.
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When using HCTZ, what will happen to urine values of the following?
H2O, NaCl, Ca, K, Mg
- Increased: H2O, NaCl, K, Mg
- Decreased: Ca
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True or False
HCTZ is a relatively mild diuretic.
True.
It is only working with roughly 10% of glomerular filtrate due to its site of action.
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True or False
HCTZ should not be used in patients prone to developing nephrolithiasis.
False.
Since more calcium is reabsorbed, there is less available in the urine to form a kidney stone.
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What are some adverse events associated with HCTZ?
- Hypokalemia
- Hyperuricemia
- Carbohydrate intolerance?
- Increased serum lipoproteins?
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True or False
HCTZ is considered a "mainstay of therapy" for patients with HTN.
True.
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