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group of convicts chained together, especially while working outdoors
chain gang
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only store for sharecroppers to buy food, clothing, and farm supplies; usually operated by landowner
commissary
-
Civil War governmet formed by the Southern states from 1861-1865 after they seceded from the United States of America
Confederacy (The Confederate States of America)
-
president of the Confederacy during the Civil War
Jefferson Davis
-
unequal or unfair treatment of an individual or group
discrimination
-
black leader and author who encouraged African Americans to take pride in their heritage
W. E. B. Du Bois
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to force a borrower to give up property-usually a house or farm-when paymets to the lender have ot been made
foreclose
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to give all people equal entry to services and public places such as housing, schools, transportation, recreation, etc.
integrate
-
group whose members believe in the superiority of white Protestant Americans over other racial, ethnic, and religious groups
Ku Klux Klan
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to kill by mob action; no court of law or legal authority is involved
lynching
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loan given when the borrower promises to give up property-usually a house or land-if loan payments are not made to the bank
mortgage
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groups of whites who terrorize and other minority groups by lynching
night riders
-
large farm that uses many workers to grow and harvest one main crop
plantation
-
period following the U.S. Civil War, when the defeated South was rebuilt physically, economically, and socially
Reconstruction (1865-1877)
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to separate races or ethnic groups in all aspects of social life such as housing, schools, transportation, recreation, etc.
segregate
-
person who farms land owned by someone else and whose payment for working the land is a share of the crop
sharecropper
-
phrase to describe African Americans who try to gain acceptance by pleasing whites
Uncle Tomming (based on the Uncle Tom character in Harriet Beecher Stowe's Uncle Tom's Cabin)
-
to touch in a loving manner
caress
-
deep awareness of the suffering of another coupled with a desire to help
compassion
-
dealing with a person as though he or she were inferior
condescending
-
a gradual increase in loudness or intensity
crescendo
-
deserving to be scorned, contemptible
despicable
-
in a way that shows great sadness
despondently
-
having long trenches or ditches
furrowed
-
to make a sharp contortion, or twisting motion, to the face
grimace
-
in a brusque or stern manner
gruffly
-
unable to move
immobilized
-
to wrap or pad in order to deaden the sound of something
muffle
-
very particular about trivial details
persnickety
-
occurring, growing, or existing before the assigned time
premature
-
unresisting, yielding
resigned
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in an ill-at-ease
self-consciously
-
unaware;not noticing
vulnerability
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