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Fascia
- Muscle covering; covers every muscle
- The glue that keeps the body together
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Fascia forms... (2)
Tendons & aponeuroses
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Purpose of fascia
- Holds muscles in position
- Separates adjacent muscles which allows muscles to move independantly
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Aponeuroses
- Broad, fibrous sheet that connects muscle to muscle or bone to bone
- Found on scalp, lower back, palm, soles of feet
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Muscle fiber
Muscle cells
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4 characteristics of muscle fibers
- Thin
- Elongated cylinder
- Multinucleated
- Striated
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Origin of a muscle
Immovable end of the muscle, usually closer to the head. Can have multiple origins
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Insertion of a muscle
Movable end of a muscle, usually closer to the feet
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When a muscle contracts, its insertion...
Is pulled towards the origin
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Origins of biceps brachii
Coracoid process of the scapula and supraglenoid tubercle
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Insertion of biceps brachii
Radial tuberosity of the radius
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Action of biceps brachii
Flexion of the elbow
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Agonist
The prime mover; primarily responsible for the action.
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Synergists
The helper muscles that assist the prime mover
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Antagonists
Produce movement in the opposite direction of the prime mover; resists a prime movers actions
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Isometrics
When prime mover and antagonist contract simultaneously, the structure thet act upon remains rigid
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Smooth movements of the body depend on...
The antagonist relaxing and giving way to the prime movers when the prime movers contract
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Insertion and origin of Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus
- Origin- distal 1/3 of lateral supracondylar ridge of the humerus
- Insertion- base of 2nd metacarpal
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Action of Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus & Brevis
- Extend the wrist
- Abduct the wrist (radial deviation)
- Assists flexion of the forearm and elbow
- (ropy and superficial)
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Insertion and origin of Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis
- Origin- Lateral epicondyle of humerus (common extensor tendon)
- Insertion- base of the 3rd metacarpal
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Origin and insertion of Extensor Digitorum
- Origin- lateral epicondyle of the humerus (common extensor tendon)
- Insertion- bases of middle and distal phalanges of the second to fifth digits (dorsal surface)
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Action of Extensor Digitorum
- Extends second through fifth digits at MCP joints and IP joints
- (ropy and superficial)
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Origin and insertion of Extensor Carpi Ulanaris
- Origin- lateral epicondyle of the humerus (common extensor tendon)
- Insertion- base of the fifth metacarpal (pinky)
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Action of Extensor Carpi Ulnaris
- Extends wrist and adducts wrist (ulnar deviation)
- (ropy and superficial)
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Skeletal muscle
Organs made of skeletal muscle tissue, nervous tissue, blood and connective tissue.
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Three types of fascia
superficial, deep, subserous
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Deep fascia
- Fascia surrounding muscle
- Continuous with subcutaneous fascia (lies beneath skin)
- Allows muscles to independantly work within the same muscle
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Subserous fascia
Surrounds organs and lubricates the cavity
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