oral pathology

What defends the body against injury, particularly from foreign substances such as microorganisms

foreign substances against which the immune system defends the body;mainly proteins;often microogranisms and their toxins

occurs as a result of part of an individuals own body becomes antigens

what are the cells involved in the immune response?

The first WBC involved in immune response; they are recognized/respond to antigens; NK cell-viral infections

from stem cells in bone marrow; they mature in lymphatic tissue

what are the two types of b lymphocytes

produces specific antibody needed to fight the antigen

antibody combines with antigen

renders the antigen inactive

lab test to determine the level of a specific antibody in the blood

2nd type of B lymphocyte;retains the memory of previously encountered antigen and the duplicates

increase the functioning of B lymphoctures and enhances the antibody response

suppress the functioning of the b lymphocytes and T-killer cells that are active in surveillance against virally infected cells or tumor cells

Types of lymphokines

stimulates WBC's population growth

destruction of fibroblasts

antiviral activities

phagocytosis; link between the inflammation and immune repsonses; can act as antigen-presenting cells

divisions of immune response

involves the production of antibodies

t lymphocytes and macrophages

an increased responsiveness that results from the retained memory of an already enountered antigen

two types of immunity

can occour naturally or can be acquired ; via vaccination

using antibodies prodcued by another person to protect an individual from infectious disease; antibody from another passes through the placenta to a developing fetus;bone marrow transplant

the study of immune reactions involoved in disease

allergic reactions with exaggereated responses and tissue destruction

type of immunopathologic condition that involves a deficiency in number, function, or interrelationships of the involved WBC;s and their products

canker s ores or aphthous stomatitis

"hives" apperas as multiple areas of well demarcated swellings associated with itching; caused by localized areas of vascular permability in superficial CT beneath epithelium

diffuse swelling of tissues caused by permeability of deeper blood vessels but no itching

mucosa becomes erythematous/edematous accompained by burning/itching

erythematous, swelled and becomes encrusted with scaly, white epidermis

most severe form of erythema multiforme

characterized by intraepithelial blister formation that results from breakdown of the cellular adhesion between epithelial cells

when kidneys and liver become involved

involvement of the submandibular and cervical lymph nodes-swelled

skin test to determine if person has been exposed/infected

infection caused by filamentous bacterium

the colonies or organisms appear in the pus as tiny bright yellow grains

soft tissue flap covering partial eruption

when lesions becomes RO

white lesion that does not wipe off

erythema/fissuring at labial commissures;nutritional deficency as well

severe form occuring in patients who are severely HIV;chronic oral and genital mucosal candidiasis

highly contagious disease causing vesicular/pustular eruptions of the skin/mucous membrane

unilateral, painful eruption of vesicles along the distribution of a sensory nerve

vesicles appear on the soft palate

highly contagious disease-for paramyxovirus

small erythematous macules with white necrotic centers

viral infection of parotid gland-paramyxovirus

sore throat, fever, lymphadenopathy, enlarged spleen, malaise, fatigue; palatal petechiae. "kissing disease"

irregular, corrugated, white lesion most commonly occuring on lateral border of the tongue

abnormal pathologic sac or cavity lined by epithelium and enclosed in a CT capsule

related to tooth development

not related to tooth development

cyts occuring within the bone

cysts that occur in soft tissue

forms around the crown of an unerupted or developing tooth

in soft tissue around the crown of an erupting tooth

when lesion is filled with blood

develops in place of a tooth

unique histologic apperance that frequently recures

most often seen in mandibular cuspid/premolar area

located in soft tissue adjacent to LPC

located within the nasopalatine canal

well defined unilocular (RL) located in midline of hard palate

well defined pear shaped (RL) formed between the roots of maxillary lateral incisor/canine

rare lesion, located in midline of mandible

soft tissue cyst with no alveolar bone involvement

raised nodule in the skin of face or neck

developmental cyst often present at bith or noted in young children

resembles a dermoid cyst but teeth, bone, muscle, and nerve tissue may be found in wall of the lesion

most commonly found in the major salivary glands

"stafne's bone cyst" ; well defined in posterior region of mandible

form foramen caecum to thyroid gland below hyoid

"traumatic bone cyst"; well defined around the roots of the teeth

"vascular lesion" pseudocyst of blood filled spaces

congenital lack of teeth

lack of one or more teeth

extra teeth

located to the distal of 3rd molar

located buccal

smaller than normal

larger than normal

usually more common with one tooth 0 max. lateral

enlargement of half the head with enlargement of the teeth on that side

single tooth tries to divide itself

union of two seperate teeth

two adjacent teeth are united by cementum

abnormal curve or angle in the root

small spherical nodule of enamel located in trifurcation area

accessory cusp located in the area of the cingulum

"bull teeth" long pulp chamber and short roots

enamel invaginates into the crown of a tooth

incomplete or defective formation of enamel

inherited enamel hypoplasia

enamel doesnt motive and calcify-chalky, white

endogenous or intrinsic staining

"ghost teeth" very thin enamel,extremelt large pulp chambers, extraction

cant erupt due to physical obstruction

no eruption forces allowing eruption

"ankylosis" ; 1st teeth in which bone has fused to roots