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What is a disease?
Disease is an abnormality of the structure or function of a part, organ, or system. May be felt by a person or observed by others. Diseases may be of known or unknown causes and may show marked variation in severity and effects on an individual
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What is the definition of a predisposing cause of disease?
A predisposing cause of disease is a factor that may not in itself give rise to a disease but that increases the probability of a person's becoming ill.
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What two medical sciences are involved in any study of disease?
The two medical sciences that are involved in study of disease are pathology (study of disease) and physiology (study of function).
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What is a communicable disease?
A communicable disease is one that can be transmitted from one person to another.
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A physician uses signs and symptoms to identify an illness. What is this identification called?
A diagnosis is the identification of an illness based on signs and symptoms.
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What is the relationship between a parasite and a host?
A parasite is an organism that lives on or within a host and at the host's expense.
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What term describes any disease causing organism?
A pathogen is any disease-causing organism.
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What are some portals of entry and exit for microorganisms?
The skin, respiratory tract, digestive, urinary, and reproductive systems are portals of entry and exit for microorganisms.
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What are the categories of organisms studied in microbiology?
Microbiology includes the study of bacteria, viruses, fungi, protozoa, and alage.
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What term refers to the microorganisms that normally live in or on the body?
The term normal flora refers to the microorganisms tha normally live in or on the body.
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What are resistant forms of bacteria called?
Resistant forms of baccteria are called endospores.
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What are the three basic shapes of bacteria?
The three basic shapes of bacteria are cocci (round), bacilli (rod-shaped), and curved rods including vibrios, spirilla, and spirochetes.
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How do viruses differ from bacteria?
Viruses are smaller than bacteria, are not cellular, and have no enzyme system. They contain only DNA or RNA, not both.
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What group of microorganisms is most animal-like?
The protozoa are most animal-like.
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What is the study of worms called?
Helminthology is the study of worms.
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Aseptic practices are intended to eliminate pathogens. What are the three levels of of asepsis?
The three of asepsis are sterilization, disinfection, and antisepsis.
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What is the single most important measure for preventing the spread of infection?
Handwashing is the single most important measure for preventing the spread of infection.
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What is antibiotic?
An antibiotic is a substance produced by living cells that has the power to kill or arrest the growth of bacteria.
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One way of identifying microorganisms is to examine them under a microscope. Beforeexamination, the cells are colored so they can bee seen. What are the dyes used to color the cells called?
Stains are used to color cells so that can be examined under the microscope.
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