Nurs 171 Exam III (Respiratory)

with this resp. disease early stages are usually symptom free

S/S of the resp disease are fatigue, anorexia, weight loss, low-grade fever, night sweats
-cough becomes freq. produces white frothy sputum

this form of TB spreads to other organ systems

TB pneumonias manifertations include

A chest x-ray of TB will show ____ _____ infiltrates, ______ infiltrates, and _____ ______ involvement

Patients with TB are treated with ____ for ___ to ____ months

this vaccine is currently used to prevent TB in many parts of the world; can result in positive PPD reaction

in a patient with TB you need to assess for:

causes airway hyperresponsiveness leading to wheezing, breathlessness, chest tightness and cough

allergens, exercise, air pollutants, and nose and sinus problems are all triggers of ____

the asthma triad includes:

early phase responses to asthma include production of thick mucous, .....

with asthma expiration my be ______ and air takes _____ to move out

an acute attack of asthma usually reveals these physical signs

clinical manifestations of this disease include edema, mucous plugging, bronchospasm, resp. acidosis

the causes of this disease are viral illnesses, ingestion of aspirin or other NSAIDS, allergens, emotional stress, Beta Blockers

Tx for acute astham attacks include

a pt with asthma should have a fluid intake of ___ to ____L a day

4th leading cause of death
airflow limitation not reversible
includes chronic bronchitis and emphysema

abnormal permanent enlargement of the air space distal to the terminal bronchioles w/o obvious fibosis

the air in your lungs can not get out with this disease

pulmonary vascular changes for COPD include

common characteristics of COPD include

the physical findings of COPD include

complications of this disease include cor pulmonale (RHF), acute resp. failure, peptic ulcer disease, depression/anxiety

ABG typical findings for this disease include:
Low PaO2
^ PaCO2
Low pH
^HCO3

drug therapy for this disease includes bronchodilators and inhaled corticosteroids therapy

gravity assists in bronchial drainage; techniques individualized according to patients pulmonary condition and response to intial treatment

facilitates movement of secretions to larger airways

produces vibration in lungs to loosen mucus for expectoration

inflatable vest that vibrates the chest, works on all lobes, more effective then CPT

vibrates lungs to shake free mucus plugs; improves clearance of secretions; faster and more tolerable then CPT

Patients with COPD should have a fluid intake of

this type of histamine blocker is used to reduce gastric acid in peptic ulcer disease

these histamine blockers are referred to as antihistimines and are also anticholinergic(drying), and sedatives

-prevents adverse conseq. of histimine stimulation.
-these compete with histimine at the unoccupied receptors; cannot push histimine off receptor is already bound

what effects does histimine have on the cardiovascular system?

what effects does antihistimine have on the cardiovascular system?

what effects does histimine have on smooth muscles (endocrine glands)

what effects does antihistimine have on the smooth muscles (endocrine glands)

what are the histimine effects of the immune system

what are the effects of antihistimine on the immune system

the most common adverse effects of antihistimines are

these antihistimines work both peripherally and centrally
-have drying effect
-traditional (old)

newer antihistimines
-nonsedating/peripheral acting
-developed to eliminate unwanted adverse effects, mainly sedation

antihistimes should be used with caution in cases of a patient having:

the largest group of decongestants
-sympathomimetics

less commonly used decongestants
-parasympatholytics

topical or intranasal steroids used as decongestants

this dosage type of decongestants have a delayed onset but prolonged effects
-exclusively adrenergics
-Sudafed

these decongestants have a prompt onset, are potent
-can not use for more then 3 days

these work to turn off the immune system cells involved in the inflammatory response; include flonase and nasalide

this type of nasal decongestant constricts small blood vessels that supply URI structure, resulting in the tissue to shrink
-swollen membranes better to drain
-nasal stiffness relieved

what are the adverse effects of nasal adrenergics

what are the adverse effects of nasal steroids

decongestants should be avoided in cases where patients have:

these are used ONLY for nonproductive coughs

this form of antitussive suppresses the cough reflex by direct action on the cough center of the medulla
-cause sedation, N/V, lightheadedness

these antitussives suppress the cough reflex by numbing the stretch receptors in the resp. tract and preventing the cough reflex
-dizziness, headache, sedation, nausea

drugs that aid in the expectoration of mucus; reduce the viscosity of secretions and disintegrate and thin secretions

this drug causes irritation of the GI tract; loosening and thinning of repiratory tract secretions occur in response to this irritation

patients taking this type of drug should increase thier fluids to helps loosen and liquefy secretions

used during acute phase of asthmatic attacks
-quickly reduce airway constriction and restore nomal airflow

stimulate only B2 receptors
-relaxes smooth muscles of the airway and results in bronchial dilation and ^ airflow

if this is used too frequently is loses its B2 specific actions at larger doses and then B1 is stimulated, causing nausea, ^ anxiety, palpitations, tremors, ^ HR

causes bronchial constriction and narrowing of the airways
-bronchoconstriction is prevented, airways dilate

causes relief of bronchospasm and greater airflow into and out of the lungs, smooth muscle relaxation
-^ levels of energy producing cAMP
-CNS/cardio stimulation

adjunct drug in the management of copd
-caution use with cardiac disease, PUD

prevent s leukotrienes from attaching to receptors on cells in the lungs and in circulation
-inflamm. of the lungs in blocked

this medication should be taken every night on a continuous schedule, even if asthma symptoms improve
-used for chronic asthma

NOT considered first line drugs for management of acute asthmatic attacks or status asthmaticus

teach patients to gargle and rinse the mouth with luke warm water afterward to prevent the development of oral fungal infections

the adverse effects of inhaled corticosteroids is: