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In this stage of learning, the participant makes many mistakes and has highly variable performance
Cognitive
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In this stage of learning, the participant has acquired the basic fundamentals or mechanics of the skill
Associative
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In this stage of learning, the participant can perform without thinking and can detect her own errors
Autonomous
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In what domain of learning is the instructor instrumental in helping participants develop positive attitudes toward exercise
Affective
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This learning domain involves learning the motions or movements
Motor domain
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Domain of human behavior that describes intellectual activities and involves gaining knowledge
Cognitive domain
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A new class participant know they are doing something wrong, but do not know how to improve performance is in what stage of learning?
Cognitive
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Class participants are able to detect some errors and the instructor needs to make only occasional corrections is in what stage of learning
Associative
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In what stage of learning does the participant perform the skill without thinking about it?
Autonomous
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If a participant is unable to perform a standing lunge, she would be I'll advised to move on to adding resistance.
Simple to complex
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How long should the warm-up last and what tempo should the music be at
5 minutes, 120-140 bpm
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Pre-aerobic stretch should last how long and tempo of music
5 minutes, 120-140 bpm
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The style of teaching where instructor decides the posture, rhythm, and duration
Command
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This style of teaching allows the instructor to teach a skill, then participants do it at their own pace but not all are motivated to achieve maximum potential
Practice style
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Style of teaching uses an observer or a partner to provide feedback
Reciprical
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Teaching style where participants provide their own feedback
Self-check
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When the instructor gives multiple levels of performance, it is what style of teaching
Inclusion
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Teaching strategy used when taking two counts for each step so the participants can learn the pattern
Slow to fast
-
Teaching strategy involving reducing the number of repetitions that make up a pattern
Repetition reduction
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Teaching strategy used when describing body position and proper alignment
Spatial
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Teaching strategy used when breaking down a skill into it's parts, until mastered, then added on
Part to whole
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Teaching strategy where small amounts of complexity are added to simple movements combination to slowly challenge participants
Simple-to-complex
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What method of choreography uses movements that are formally arranged and repeated in a predetermined order
Structured choreography
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Method of choreography that is built and sequenced by the instructor during the exercise class
Freestyle
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Which choreographic method is useful for introducing new moves and adding variation
Freestyle
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What are the 3 stages of learning?
- Cognitive
- Associative
- Autonomous
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What are the 3 types of learners?
- Auditory
- Visual
- Kinesthetic
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When telling participants how you want them to perform, start with what cues
- Posture stabilizer muscular cues
- e.x. eyes, chest, abdominals
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After you give postural cues you should
- Give specific muscle group instruction
- (contract the shoulder to bring the arm to the side)
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What are the 5 teaching styles?
Command, practice, reciprocal, self-check, inclusion
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Teaching style used when immediate participant response
Command style
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Limitations of command style if teaching
- No individualization
- Limited interaction
-
Teaching style where instructor gives instructions, then can move around the room giving feedback
Practice style
-
Limitations of practice style of teaching
- Less class control
- Some lack self motovation
-
Teaching style that encourages social interaction, best for fitness assessments
Reciprocal
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Limitations of reciprocal style
- Less instructor control
- Feedback may not be right
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Teaching style that incorporates multiple skill levels and fitness within the same activity
Inclusion
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Limitations of inclusion style
Requuires skilled instructor
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Teaching style where participants provide their own feedback
Self-check
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Limitations of self-check style
-
Participant success depends on what from the instructor
Cueing
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Types of verbal cues
- Footwork
- Direction
- Rhythm
- Numerical
- Step name
- Combinations
-
What decibel should the music be at to avoid voice injury
<85 db
-
Examples of nonverbal positive feedback
- Smiling
- Nodding
- Applause
- Thumbs up
-
Examples of negative nonverbal feedback
- Frowning
- Shaking head
- Grimacing
- Thumbs down
-
Nonverbal and verbal feedback should be
- Congruent
- (doing the same thing)
-
Verbal feedback should be
- Informational
- Positive
- Based on performance
- Specific
- Immediate
-
Should you give verbal clues in positions of contraction (inhibit abdominal breathing)
- No
- e.g. push ups or curl ups
-
Series of hand and arm visual cues used to indicate direction or number of reps
Aerobic Q-signs
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When should you perform visual cues
During the preceeding measure to provide participants with enough time to transition from one step to the next
-
What reaching approach when class designed around the specific needs of the class?
Participant-centered
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Participant-centered teaching approach requires the instructor to
Interact, observe, give feedback
-
The person who teaches this way promotes independence, encouragement, knowledgeable and sets attainable goals
Participant centered
-
The teacher using this method promoted dependence, intimidation, unattainable goals
Teacher centered
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Measure of degree of obesity based upon height and weight
BMI
-
Who should not use BMI
- Athletic or muscular
- Should not be the sole determination of body composition
-
-
What measurements can be used in determining body composition and body fat distribution
Circumference measurements
-
A cardiorespiratory fitness test designed to estimate VO2max
Submax bike test
-
When doing the step test, what is the step height, how long and bpm
-
Test that measures force/time
Muscular endurance
-
How long is the push up test
To exertion
-
How long is the sit up test
-
To calculate BMI how do you convert weight from pounds to kg
Divide by 2.2
-
How do you convert inches to cm
Multiply 2.54 then divide by 100
-
Formula to calculate BMI
Weight (kg)/height (meters squared)
-
How many push ups would a 20-29 year old male/female need to do for good
22/15
-
How many sit ups would a male/female age 20-29 need for good
16/14
-
Range of motion at a joint
Flexibility
-
Measurable changes usually take
4-6 weeks
-
Follow up assessments should be done
4-12 weeks after starting
-
Why do follow up assessments
- Participant motivation
- Help with future planning
-
How long is a class warm up
5 -10 min
-
How long is conditioning?
20-45 min
-
How long is cool down
5-10 min
-
How long is stretching
7-10 min
-
Intensity and duration of each class depends on
General skills and abilities of participants
-
What is the purpose of warm-up
Prepares participants for more rigorous activity by raising internal body temp
-
ACE 3 site caliper for men
-
ACE 3 site caliper for women
-
Class design should reflect
Ex sci principles and techniques
-
Can a warm up reduce the risk of abnormal heart rhythms
Yes
-
What 3 things should a warm up include
- Specificity
- Elevate body core temp
- Dynamic flexibility
-
What is the best way to elevate the core body temp during warm up
Start with small isolated movements and progress to larger full body movements
-
Stretching in the warm up should be what type
Dynamic
-
Range of motion exercises in warm up should focus on
Postural muscle groups (ant shoulder, hip flex, low back, hams, calves) or going to be used later in class
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