-
B1
Other name
Component of what?
Cofactor for what?
Deficiency
- Thiamine
- TPP
- PDH, alpha-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase, transketoase, branched-chain AA dehydrogenase
- ATP depletion, Beriberi (dilated cardiomyopathy, edema, polyneuritis), Wernicke-Korsakoff (confused, clumy, cross-eyed, confabulating)
-
B2
Other name
Component of what?
Cofactor for what?
Deficiency
- Riboflavin
- FAD
- Redox reactions, TCA cycle
- Cheilosis, corneal vascularization
-
B3
Other name
Component of what?
Cofactor for what?
Derived from what?
Deficiency
Excess
- Niacin
- NAD, NADP
- Redox reactions
- Tryptophan (requires B6)
- Glossitis, pellagra (diarrhea, dermatitis, dementia)
- Facial flushing (HLD Tx)
-
B5
Other name
Component of what?
Cofactor for what?
- Pantothenate
- CoA and fatty acid synthase
- Acyl transfers
-
B6
Other name
Converted to?
Cofactor for?
Deficiency
- Pyridoxine
- Pyridoxal phosphate
- Transamination (AST/ALT), decarboxylation, glycogen phosphorylase, heme synthesis
- Convulsions, peripheral neuropathy (INH, OCs), sideroblastic anemia
-
B12
Other name
Cofactor for what
Deficiency
- Cobalamin
- Homocysteine methyltransferase (homocysteine to methionine) and methylmalonyl-CoA mutase (succinyl-CoA from FAs for TCA cycle)
- Megaloblastic anemia, hypersegmented PMNs, neurologic symptoms (use Schilling test to diagnose)
-
Folic acid
Converted to what?
Cofactor for what?
Used for what?
Deficiency
Deficiency caused by what?
- THF
- 1C transfer/methylation
- Synthesis of nitrogenous bases (DNA/RNA)
- Megaloblastic anemia
- Phenytoin, MTX
-
SAM
Composed of what?
Transfers what?
Used for what reaction?
- ATP + methionine
- Transfers methyl units
- conversion of methionine to homocysteine (also need THF and B12)
-
Biotin
Cofactor for what?
Used in which reactions?
- Carboxylation
- Pyruvate carboxylase, ACoA carboxylase, Propionyl-CoA carboxylase
-
Vitamin E deficiency
Increased erythrocyte fragility
-
Vitamin K
Purpose
Synthesized by?
Deficiency?
- Catalyzes gamma carboxylation of glutamic acid residues for clotting factors
- Synthesized by intestinal flora
- Neonatal hemorrhage
|
|
