-
lens
focuses light onto the retina
-
iris
controls amount of light that goes into the eye
-
cornea
protective outer lining
-
fovea
- where light is focused on
- central focus
-
rods
react according to light
-
cones
- react according to color
- phototopic system
-
bipolar cells
communicate between horizontal and ganglion cells
-
ganglion cells
create the optic nerve fibers
-
inner ear
- cochlea
- semi-circular canals
-
middle ear
- hammer
- anvil
- stirrup
- these are the three smallest bones in the body
- push and pulls the oval window according to vibrations recieved from the ear drum
-
-
tympanic membrane
- also known as the ear drum
- separates outer and middle ear
-
cochlea
holds the basilar membrane
-
basilar membrane
- tonotopically organized (base-high freq. tip-low freq.)
- activated by vibrations coming from the ear drum
-
papillae
big bumps on the toungue
-
taste buds
- cover the papillae
- 50 different types of tastebuds
- respond to one of the five tastes
- (bitter,sweet,salty, umami, sour)
-
glomeri
group of synapses that respond to specific smells
-
vomeronasal organ
responds to pheromones
-
preoptic area
controls body temperature and thirst
-
lateral hypothalamus
- hunger center
- tells body when it is full
- lesioning this causes aphagia(refusal to eat)
-
ventromedial hypothalamus
- satiety center
- tells body when it is hungry
- lesioning this causes obesity
-
suprachiasmatic nucleus
controls biological rhytms
-
pyramidal motor system
- corticospinal tract
- spinal cord
-
extrapyramidal motor system
- primary motor cortex
- basal ganglia
-
basal ganglia
- refines motor command
- contains the caudate/putamen and the substantia nigra
-
posterior pituitary gland
- communicates with neurons
- releases oxytocin (bonding hormone and lactacting hormone)
- releases vasopressin( increases water retention aka the anti diuretic hormone)
-
anterior pituitary gland
communicates with portals(blood stream)
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