-
Which opioid was developed for drug addicts, has longer duration of action, and popular in equine?
Methadone
-
Which opioid is 10 times for potent that morphine and is not licensed in UK or Australia?
Oxymorphone
-
Which opioid has an onset of 2-3 mins after IV, has a duration of action around 20 mins, is given by bolus, and produces bradycardia and respiratory depression?
Fentanyl
-
Which opioid is a reasonable analgesic for visceral or soft tissue pain, especially in cats, but has ceiling effect?
Buprenorphine
-
Which opioid has an onset of action relatively slow after IV (20 mins), is a poor analgesic agent but good sedative and anti-tussive?
Butorphanol
-
What is the most commonly used opioid antagonist?
Maloxone
-
How do NSAIDs work and what effects do they have?
- Inhibit synthesis of eicosanoids from arachidonic acid
- Peripheral - anti-inflammatory and anti-hyperalgesic
- Central - anti-central sensitization
-
No other NSAID licensed for animal use is highly selective for COX-2 except for ________?
-
What are some side effects of NSAID treatment?
- Gastro-intestinal ulcers
- Nephrotoxicity
- Depressed platelet aggregation
- Plasma protein binding
-
What are some contraindication for NSAID use?
- Renal or hepatic disease
- Dehydration, hypovolemia
- gastric ulceration
- renal dysfunction
-
Which animal should you give NSAIDs to carefully dosed, and for longer intervals than dogs?
Cats, deficient in glucuronidation enzymes
-
What NSAID provides analgesia through antagonism of the N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) glutamate receptor and is recommended for burn wounds and phantom limb pains?
Ketamine
-
Is the effective dose of alpha2-agonist significantly lower or higher than typically used for sedative purposes?
Lower
-
What alpha2 agonist is considered an "atypical opioid", has agonist properties at all opioid receptors, stimulates the release of serotonin, and is useful in older dogs with chronic pain?
Tramadol
-
Which alpha2 agonists mode of analgesic action is attributed to action on voltage-gated N-type calcium channels and is used for treating chronic pain syndromes, particularly neuropathic pain?
Gabapentin
-
Which alpha2 agonist has analgesic effects related to its NMDA antagonist effects (similar to ketamine) and was originally developed as an antiviral drug for use in humans?
Amantidine
|
|