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Upper tract
- noise,
- nostrils,
- mouth,
- pharynx,
- epiglottis (respiratory safeguard)
- larynx (voice box),
- trachea( windpipe).
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fine particlates
such found in smoke and haze are 2.5 micometers in diameter and smaller.
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trachea length
- 11cm long,( 4in) 2-2.5cm (in) diamiter.
- diameter is greater in men then women and adults then children.
- air-noise/mouth-thru larynx, down trachea-our lungs.
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approximate adult respiratory rate
12-20 times per minute.
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approximate number of alveoli in lungs?
- 350 million right aveoli.
- 300 million left aveoli because of large size of heart.
- total 600 million.
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phrenic nerve
the diaphragm is the major muscle of resperation is stimulated by the phrenic nerve.
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lungs primarly exchange o+co2
lungs are complex organs they take gas that ur body needs to get rid of (CO2carbon dioxide) & exchange it for gas that ur body can use (O2 oxygen)
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Epiglottis
- flab of cartlidge lying behind the tongue & in front of the entrance larynx (voice box)
- at rest, upright and air passes thru larynx and into respiratory system.
- swallowing, it folds back to cover the entrance to larynx, preventing food and drink from entering the trachea.
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nasopharnxy
- above the mouth
- only passage way for air alone
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oropharynx
- middle region
- air inhaled, food & liquid pass thru this region.
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laryngopharynx
lowest region of pharynx
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list 3 ways that sinunes help us
- -reasonance for the voice ( A,E,I,O,U)
- -hollow areas or cavity in the bones of the skull that lined with mucus membranes for protection.
- -sinuses are inflammed & filled with the mucus the voice has a different quality
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5 risk factors of asthma
- having a allgeric condition, allergic rhinitis(hay fever)
- having a blood relative( parent/sibling)
- being overweight
- being a smoker
- exposure to second hand smoke
- mother smoke well pregnant (low birth weight)
- exposure to polutions/exhaust fumes
- exposed occupational triggers,(chemical, farming ect.)
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symptoms of Emphysema
- shortness of breathe
- wheezing
- chest tightness
- reduce physical activity
- chronic coughing
- loss of appetitie and weight
- fatigue
- smoking (most common)
- protein deficiency AAT
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5 triggers of asthma
- exercise - induced asthma
- heart burn
- smoking
- infections
- poor air - particles
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inhalable coarse particles
such as found near roadways and dusty industries, as larger then 2.5micrometers and smaller than 10micrometers in diameter.
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pharynx (throat)
- *responsable for adjoining the nasal cavity and oral cavity to the larynx and the esophagus.
- *approximately 13cm(5in) long and is a shape of a funnel.
- *it shares both respiratory and digestive functions.
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larynx(voice box)
- product of voice can be thought of in term of three things:
- production of air flow(respiration)
- generation and resonance of sound(fine tunning)
- articulation of voice.
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note
- L 2 heart on this side because heart is large.
- R 3
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sinuses location
- frontal
- ethmoid
- sphenoid
- maxillary
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alveoli (air sac)
gas exchange of oxygen andcarbon dioxide takes place in the alveoli.
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risk factors of emphysema
- smoking
- age between 40-60
- second hand smoke(passive)
- occupational exposure to fumes or dust
- indoor/outdoor pollution
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symptoms of asthma
- shortness of breath
- chest tightness
- trouble sleeping(wheezing, coughing)
- whristling/wheezing(common in children) when exhaling
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worst city to live in with asthma
- Richmond VA
- historic city on james river is AAFA top.
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