-
This can be characterized by a heart valve that either does not open or close completely
- Valvular Heart disease
- Rheumatic fever & endocarditis account for most cases
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Chest pain that is due to ischemia of the myocardium is called _____
- Angina Pectoris
- Usually caused by atherosclereosis w/in the coronary arteriessqueezing, soffocating or constricting pain. significant hypertension or hypotenson may occur
-
This occurs when myocardial ischemia is sustained resulting in death of myocardial cells (necrosis)
- Myocardial infarction
- The LV is more commonly affected, but RV can also be affected
- Worst chest pain ever lasting longer than 5 minutes, may radiate to L shoulder, jaw, arm. Not relieved by rest or nitroglycerin.
-
When either ventricle fails to pump blood efficiently into the aorta or pulmonary arteries, the condition is termed:
Heart Failure (RV, LV or both)
-
Women report myocardial infarction as pain or discomfort in center of chest, shortness of breath, cold sweat, nausea, vomiting or lightheadedness
-
This cardiac condition is caused by
1. increased resistance that occurs w/aortic stenosis or hypertension when the ventricle can no longer compensate effectively for the increased workload
2. weakening of the LV contraction that occurs after a myocardial infarction when death of myocardial cells causes an ineffective
contraction
- LV failure
- fatigue & shortness of breath including orthopnea, dyspnea on exertion & proxysmal nocturnal dyspnea
-
This cardiac condition is caused by hypertrophy from pulmonary hypertension form necrosis from a myocardial infarction.
- RV failure
- precordial movement at the xiphoid or LSB, elevated jugular venous pressure, dependent peripheral edema, S3 at LLSB systolic murmur & weight gain
-
An infection of the endothelial layer of the heart, including the cardiac valves is called ______________
Infective Endocarditis
-
Inflammation of the parietal & visceral layers of the pericardium & outer myocardium is termed:
- Pericarditis
- findings are pericardial friction rub and chest pain
-
A localized dialation of an artery caused by weakness in the arterial wall is referred to as an _________
aneurysm
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