vocab 8/9

process by which cells realease energy in the absence of oxygen

process that releases energy by breaking down glucose and other food molecules in the presence of oxygen

series of proteins in which high-energy electrons from the Krebs Cycle are used to convert ADP to ATP

first step in releasing the energy of glucose, in which a molecule of glucose is broken down into two molecules of pyruvic acid

second stage of cellular respiration, in which pyruvic acid is broken down into CO2 in a series of energy-extracting reactions

region outside the thylakoid membranes in chloroplasts

all of a cell's chemical processes

one of the principal chemical compounds that living things use to store and realease energy

large protein that uses energy from H+ ions to bind ADP and a phosphate group together to form ATP

amount of energy needed to raise the temperature of 1 gram of water by 1 degree of Celsius

saclike photosynthetic membrane found in chloroplasts

stack of thylakoids

principal pigment of plants and other photosynthetic organisms; captures light energy

organelle found in cells of plants and some other organisms that captures the energy from sunlight and converts it into chemical energy

light-absorbing molecule

process by which plants and some other organisms use light energy to convert water and CO2 into oxygen and high-energy carbohydrates such as sugars and starches

electron carrier involved in glycolysis

reactions of photosynthesis in which energy from ATP and NADPH is used to build high-energy compounds such as sugars