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PRALIDOXIME CHLORIDE (PROTOPAM, 2-PAM)
Class:
Antidote for selected chemical warfare agents and organophosphateexposures
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PRALIDOXIME CHLORIDE (PROTOPAM, 2-PAM)
Mechanism of Action:
Reactivates cholinesterase that has not irreversibly“aged”. The average aging time varies from minutes withsome military nerve agents to a few days with someorganophosphate pesticides
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PRALIDOXIME CHLORIDE (PROTOPAM, 2-PAM)
Indications:
Organophosphate pesticide or military nerve agent poisoning,Unknown cholinesterase inhibitor poisoning
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PRALIDOXIME CHLORIDE (PROTOPAM, 2-PAM)
Contraindications:
- Absolute: Inability to perform endotracheal intubation (ifneuromuscular blockage were to occur – a rare,dose and rate related complication)
- Relative: Myasthenia gravis, renal failure
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PRALIDOXIME CHLORIDE (PROTOPAM, 2-PAM)
Dosage:
- Adult: 1–2 g IV over 5-10 min. This dose may be repeated 1 hr after thefirst, if weakness or fasciculation have not resolved. 500 mg/hrcontinuous IV infusion for 24 hr after initial bolus
- Pediatric: 20–40 mg / kg IV over 10 min. 5–10 mg/kg/hr continuous IVinfusion for 24 hr after the initial bolus
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OXYTOCIN (PITOCIN)
Class:
Hormone
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OXYTOCIN (PITOCIN)
Mechanism of Action:
Oxytocin indirectly stimulates contraction of uterine smooth muscle by increasing the sodium permeability of uterine myofibrils. Produces intense uterine contractions
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OXYTOCIN (PITOCIN)
Indications:
Postpartum bleeding after expulsion of the placenta
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OXYTOCIN (PITOCIN)
Contraindications:
Any condition other than postpartum bleeding
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OXYTOCIN (PITOCIN)
Precautions:
Absence of additional fetuses (twins/triplets) must be establishedand placenta must be delivered prior to administration. Overdose can cause uterine rupture.
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OXYTOCIN (PITOCIN)
Dosage
10-40 units in 1,000 ml titrated to uterine response (ideally infused at arate of 20–40 milliunits/min), or 10 units IM
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