-
Condyle
a rounded prominence that usually articulate with another bone
-
Crest
A narrow sharp ridge
-
Epicondyle
a projection situated above a condyle
-
Facet
a small, nearly flat surface
-
Fissure
a cleft or groove
-
Fontanel
a soft spot in the skull where a membrane covers the spaces between the skull
-
Foramen
an opening through a bone that usually serves as a passageway for blood vessels, nerves, or ligaments
-
Fossa
a large pit or depression
-
Fovea
a small pit or depression
-
Head
an enlargement of the end of a bone (typically articular)
-
Linea
a narrow ridge (straight line)
-
Process
A prominent projection on a bone
-
Ramus
a branch or similar extension
-
Sinus
A hole within a bone
-
Spine
a thorn-like projection
-
Suture
an interlocking line of union between bones (eg- frontal suture in skull)
-
Trochanter
A large process
-
Tuberosity
A bigger process usually larger than the tubercle
-
Cranial Bones (6)
- Frontal Bone
- Parietal Bone
- Occipital Bone
- Temporal Bone
- Sphenoid Bone
- Ethmoid Bone
-
Frontal Bone
- (cranial bone)
- forms forehead and roof of orbits and nasal cavity
- Special features: frontal sinuses and supraorbital foramen
-
Parietal Bone
- (cranial bone)
- Posterior to Frontal bone: joins frontal bone at CORONAL suture
- Forms sides of skull
- Parietal bones joined at SAGITTAL suture
- Joins Occiput bone at LAMBDOIDAL suture
-
Occipital Bone
- (cranial bone)
- Back of skull and most of the base of cranium
- Special feature: foramen magnum and external occipital protuberance (EOP)
-
Temporal Bone
- (cranial bone)
- Inferior to Parietal bones
- Forms sides of skull
- Special Features: External Auditory Meatus (EAM), Styloid Process, Mastoid Process
-
Sphenoid Bone
- (cranial bone)
- Floor of the Cranium- wedged in anterior part of cranium
- 2 Wings: Lesser Wing, Greater Wing (looks like a butterfly)
- Special Features: Sphenoid Sinuses
-
Ethmoid Bone
- (cranial bone)
- Floor of Cranium, anterior to sphenoid bone
- Special Features: Ethmoid Sinuses
-
Facial Bones (5)
- Maxillary
- Zygomatic
- Lacrimal
- Nasal
- Mandible
-
Maxillary Bone
- (facial bone)
- upper jaw
- forms hard palate (roof of mouth), floor orbits, and floor/sides of nasal cavity
- Contains sockets for ____ teeth
- *Maxillary sinuses (floor of orbit to upper teeth)
-
Zygomatic Bones
- (facial bones)
- "cheek bone"
- joins temporal bone to form "zygomatic arch"
-
Lacrimal Bones
- forms medial portion of orbits
- provides small passage way from eye to nasal cavity- allows tears to flow into nasal cavity
-
Nasal Bones
- (facial bones)
- forms the bridge of nose
- rectangle bones fused at midline
-
Mandible
- (facial bone)
- only movable bone of facial skeleton
- lower jawbone
-
Vertebral Column
- Forms vertical axis of skeleton
- Composed of 26 vertebrae (adults) separated by intervertebral discs (fibrocartilage)
- Protects spinal cord
- 4 curvatures (thoracic/pelvic=concave ant) (cervical/lumbar=convex ant.)
-
Body (of vertebra)
anterior portion: intervertebral discs
-
Pedicles
form sides of vertebral foramen
-
Laminae
fuse to become spinous process
-
Vertebral Arch
made up of pedicles, laminae, and spinous processes: around vertebral foramen
-
Transverse Process (TVP)
between pedicles and laminae: posterior bony projections
-
Superior and inferior articulating processes
Cartilage covered facets- joins vertebrae above and below
-
Intervertebral Foramina (IVF)
lower surface of pedicles: opening for spinal nerves
-
# Cervical Vertebrae
7 (form axis of neck)
-
# of Thoracic Vertebrae
12 (pointed spinous process)
-
-
-
-
What bones make up the Thoracic Cage
- Ribs
- Thoracic Vertebrae
- Sternum
- Costal Cartilage
-
Ribs
- 12 sets:
- 1st 7= true ribs
- 8-12= false (11 & 12= floating)
-
Sternum (3 parts)
- Manubrium- upper
- Body- middle
- Xiphoid Process- bottom

-
Sternal Angle
formed by jxn of manubrium and body of sternum
-
Sternal Notch
superior border of manubrium
|
|