Chapter Nine "Intro to Genetics" Vocabulary

one of the alt. forms of a gene that governs a charactistic

the tip of a stamen, which contains the pollen sacs where grain forms

a reproductive process in which pollen from one plant is transferred to the stigma in another plant

allele that is fully expressed when carried by only one of a pair of homologous chromosomes

the first generation of offspring from an experimental cross of two organisms

the offspring from the F₁ generation

the science of heredity and of the mechanisms by which traits are passed from parent to offspring

the passing of genetic traits from one offspring to the next

the law that states that genes seperate independently from one another in meiosis

the pairs of homologous chromosomes seperate in meiosis so only one chromosomes from each pair is present in each gamete

the study of the structure of neuleic acids and the function and regulation of genes

parental generation, the first two individuals that mate in a genetic cross

the transfer of pollen from the anthers to the pistil of a flower in angiosperms or the ovule in gynosperms

true-breeding flowers

the one of a pair of alt. alleles whose effect is masked

cross between a dominant phenotyped organism and an organism with a recessive phenotype

transfer of pollen from an anther to a stigma of the same plant

part of the pistil of a plant that recieves pollen

group of organisms of the same species, having distinctive characteristics but not usually considered a seperate breed

a genetically determined characteristic or condition

of or relating to an equal degree of dominace of two genes, both being expressed in the phenotype

when one gene totally masks the other gene of the phenotype

the offspring of parents differing in two specific pairs of genes

the genetic makeup of an organism or group of organisms with referance to a single trait, or more traits

proportion of genotypes found in individuals after a cross

having dissimilar pairs of genes for any hereditary characteristics

having identical pairs of genes for any given pair of hereditary characteristics

a heterozygous condition in which both alleles at a gene locus are partially expressed

the offspring of individuals that differ with respect to a particular gene type

the observable constitution of an organism

ration showing the varied outcomes that comes from a genetic cross

the likelyhood that a given event will occur

a diagram that is used to predict the outcome of a particular cross or breeding experiment