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Define communication from the lingustic perspection.
- a. code must be systeinatic (speaking the same lang)
- b. use of arbitary symbols
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what is communication competance?
the ability to adjust and influance their listenersand have an effect
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2 types of extralingustic aspects of speech...
- -gestures
- -eye contact
- -facial expressions
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3 conponants of speech
- 1. voice
- 2. fluency
- 3. articulation
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what is a phoneme
indivisual sound
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what is a morpheme?
units that can stand alone and still carry a meaning
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what is a free morpheme?
run
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what is a bound morpheme?
-ing (running)
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list the 4 lobes of the cerebrum
- frontal lobe
- temporal lobe
- occipital lobe
- paritial lobe
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which lobe is primarily responsible for auditory information?
temporal
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2 hemispheres of the cerebellum
- outter layer of grey matter
- inner core of white
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3 major componants of the brain stem?
- mid brain
- pons
- medulla oblongata
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3 types of PNS
- cranial nerves
- spinal nerves
- autonomic nerves
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list the 4 structures of speech & functions
- lungs=resperation
- larynx=phonation
- oral nasel cavety=resonation
- oral structures=articulation
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2 cycles of resporation
- inspiratory cycle=inhaled
- expirary cycle=exhaled
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sub glotta spressure
air pressure the occurs below vocal chords
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vocal tract structures
- nasel caviety
- oral caviety
- pharynx
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oral structures for articulation
teets, tounge, lips, jaw and soft palate
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3 structures for haring and decribe them
- outter ear-resonates sound energy
- middle ear-temponic membrane (eardrum)
- inner ear-cochela, oral window, simi curculat canals
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process of hearing
sound waves pass through outter ear and middle ear as energy. inner ear transforms the energy if sounds waves into impules to the braina
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2 divided periods of prental development
- embryonic (first 8 weeks)
- fedal periods (9th week-birth)
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early social intercations influances motivate speech
early nurturing
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attachment
the close, nurturing, long term relationship that develops between caregiver and infant
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3 ways an infants will recconize its mom
odor, voice, face
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3 patterns of tempermant in infants
- easy
- slow to warm up
- difficult
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motherse & charastrics
baby talk (pronounced facial expressions)
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joint reference
establishing an object as shared topic
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joint action
actions sharred by partners that result in mutual or sharred attention
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Piagets stages of cognitive development (4)
- Sensorimotor (0-2yr)sensory/motor skills
- preoperational (2-7) symbolic behavior
- concrete opperational (7-11) reasoning
- formalopperational (11 & up) thought process
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4 relationships between cognative adn language development
- independant theory
- lingustic determinism
- cognitive det.
- interchanging roles
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5 levels of pereception
- 1. sensation: organs are effected by physical stimulus
- 2.imagery: partial or entire recalled in absence
- 3. symbolism:identify represntation of objects and events
- 4. conceptualization:stimuli in classes (animals: ducks, pig, cow)
- 5. abstracution" perceptive relationships among iscolated objects, events or places
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2 types of learning
- classical conditioning (associates objects with feeling)
- operant conditioning
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3 MOTOR devel. skills in 1st year
- grasps objects at 3 mo
- sits around 5 mo
- explors objects w index finger 8 mo
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3 COGNITIVE devel. in 1st year
- searches for source of sound 3 mo
- reconizes familar objects 5 mo
- reconizes own name 11 mo
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3 SOCIAL devel in 1st year
- knows diff people and things 3 mo
- family from strangers 5 mo
- diff emotions 12 mo
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3 LANGUAGE expectations in 1st year
- respond to familiar sounds in envi. (bark)
- specific words or names are symbols to locolize familiar people
- un known sounds become almost speech sounds
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perlocutionary stage (0-6 mo)
- reflective responces (burp, suck)
- gaze patterns, social smiles, cooing, babble, jargon
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Illocutionary stage (begins at 6 mo)
- joint ref & joint action
- protoimpaitives:commanding requesting action
- protodeclartives: get caregivers attention
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Locutionary stage (12 mo in age)
1st words used to convay intentions
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