Urinary Elimination

The functional unit of the kidney

The structure responsible for urine formation

The presence of large protein in the urine

Produced by the kidneys to maintain normal RBC volume

Where and how does erythropoietin function?

Clients with alterations in kidney function are unable to produce enough erythropoietin and are prone to what?

The kidneys affect regulation of ____ and ____ by producing a substance that converts Vitamin D to its active form.

These 4 brain structures influence bladder functioning.

The bladder holds as much as ____ mL of urine.

Desire to urinate usually occurs between ____ and ____ mL.

Conditions that affect the urine volume and quality are generally categorized in these 3 origins.

Decreased blood flow to and through the kidneys is categorized in this origin.

Categorized origin when there is disease conditions of renal tissue.

Categorized in the origin where there is an obstruction in the lower urinary tract that prevents flow of urine away from the kidney.

An increase in nitrogenous waste in blood, marked fluid and electrolyte abnormalities, nausea, vomiting, headache, and coma are signs and symptoms of this syndrome.

2 Types of Dialysis

Medication administered for life to prevent the body from rejecting a transplanted organ.

Awakening 1 or more times a night to void

Excessive output of urine

Output decreads despite normal intake

Drinks that contain caffeine increase urine formation called..

The stress response releases this hormone which increase water reabsorption

Stress elevates this hormone which causes retention of Sodium and Water.

What color does Pyridium turn urine?

Amitriptyline causes urine to become this color..

What color doe levodopa turn urine?

What is the most common HAI?

Most common causative pathogen for UTIs

Bacteria in the urine

Bacteria in the bloodstream

Which gender is more at risk for UTIs?

Which gender is more at risk for infection-related renal disease?

Residual urine becomes more ______ and is an ideal spot for microorganism growth

Pain or burning with urination

Normal urine production if ___ to ___ L/day

Urine is approximately ___% water and ___% solutes

Anticholinergics (atropine) and antihistamines may cause _________

By assessing skin turgor and oral mucosa the nurse is gathering data about what?

What position is best when examining a females urethral meatus?

Vaginitis is common in older women due to the decrease in what?

An hourly output of less than ___mL for more than 2 hours is cause for concern

Urine clarity may be cloudy and foamy from what?

Urine clarity my be cloudy and thick from these two things

Urine has a sweet and fruity smell when there is acetone or acetoacetic acid present and is commonly found in patients with..

Three types of urine tests

3 Guidelines for a Urinalysis

The weight or degree of concentration of a substance compared with an equal volume of water.

This test is used when the results of a specific gravity test are in question.

This test take approximately 24-48 hours. A broad-sprectrum antibiotic is ordered to determine which antibiotic is the most effective.

Normal pH of urine

This type of incontinence in involuntary but somewhat predictable when you reach a certain volume and is common in patients with spinal cord injuries.

Specific gravity of urine should be between ____ and ____

When collecting a specimen from an indwelling catheter, how many mL should you obtain?

This test is used to measure levels of adrenocortical steroids or hormones, creatine clearance, or protein quantity.

This procedure views the collecting ducts and renal pelvis and outlines the ureters, bladder, and urethra.

The procedure determines the bladder muscle function and evaluates the cause of urinaryincontinence.

Procedure with direct visualization, specimen collection, and/or treatment of interior bladder or urethra.

This procedure visualizes the renal arteries to detect narrowing or occlusion.

These drugs supress bladder contrations aand reduce incontinence caused by bladder irritation.

This medicine treats men with overflow incontinence due to enlarged prostate.

Clients with catheters should have a daily intake of ____-____mL