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Predation
An individual of one species, called the predator, eats all or part of an individual of another species, called the prey
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Interspecific Competition
A type of interaction in which two or more species use the same limited resource
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Symbiosis
A close, long-term relationship between two organisms
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Parasitism
A relationship in which one individual is harmed while the other individual benefits
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Mutualism
A relationship in which both organisms derive some benefit
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Commensalism
One organism benefits, but the other organism is neither helped nor harmed
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Species Richness
One characteristic of a community, the number of species in the community
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Species Evenness
A relative measure which is the relative abundance of each species
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Species-area Effect
A pattern of species richness where larger areas usually contain more species than smaller areas do
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Disturbances
Events that change communities, remove or destroy organisms from communities, or alter resource availability
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Stability
The tendency of a community to maintain relatively constant conditions
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Ecological Successions
The gradual, sequential regrowth of a community of species in an area
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Primary Succession
The development of a community in an area that has not supported life previously
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Secondary Succession
The sequential replacement of species that follows disruption of an existing community
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Pioneer Species
The species of organisms that predominate early in succession
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Climax Community
The traditional description of succession is that the community proceeds through a predictable series of stages until it reaches a stable end point
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