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Atypical Bacteria
3 geneses of atypical bacteria?
- Mycoplasma
- Rickettsia
- Chlamydia
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Atypical Bacteria; Mycoplasma
1. Size
2. PG in cell wall
3. Shape
4. Grow on agar
5. Treated with
- 1. Smaller than most bacteria - 0.15μm
- 2. No peptidoglycan in cell walls
- 3. No rigid shape (not a coccus, bacillus, or spiral), they are pleomorphic
- 4. They are the smallest known microorganism to grow on agar to form colonies, but it takes 7-10 days to form visible colonies
- 5. Usually treated with tetracycline & doxycycline
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Atypical Bacteria; Mycoplasma
Infections caused by Mycoplasma?
- -Mostly in immunosuppressed individuals
- -Leading cause of pneumonia in hospital patients (nosocomial infection)
- -Also causes endocarditis in hospital patients
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Atypical Bacteria; Rickettsia
1. Size
2. PG in cell wall
3. Shape
4. Grow on agar
5. Vector organism
6. Treated with
- 1. Smaller than most bacteria - 0.5μm
- 2. Very little peptidoglycan in cell wall
- 3. Coccobacillus shaped
- 4. Obligate intracellular parasite, Must grow in living cells, Will not grow on agar plates.(Prefers to grow inside cells lining blood vessels - can cause vessel damage )
- 5. Are usually transmitted from animal to humans by ticks & lice (blood feeders)
- 6. tetracycline
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Atypical Bacteria; Rickettsia
Infections caused by Rickettsia?
- -Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever (RMSF)
- 1. causes blood vessel damage
- 2. very high fevers, 108oF, causing delirium, brain damage, kidney failure, paralysis
-Typhus; carried by body lice, similar to RMSF
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Atypical Bacteria; Chlamydia
1. Size
2. PG in cell wall
3. Shape
4. Grow on agar
5. Treated with
- 1. Smaller than most bacterial - 0.3μm
- 2. Very little peptidoglycan in cell wall
- 3. Can appear coccus-like or bacillus-like
- a. Elementary body = coccus-like
- b. Reticulate body = bacillus-like
- c. A single Chlamydia will morph into both shapes.
- 4. They are obligate intracellular parasites.
- a. Prefer cells of mucous membranes
- b. Will not grow on agar plates
- 5. Treat with tetracycline.
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Atypical Bacteria; Chlamydia
4 infections caused by Chlamydia?
- Psittacosis
- Trachoma
- Lymphogranuloma Venereum (LGV)
- Genito-urinary Chlamydia Infection
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Atypical Bacteria; Chlamydia; Infections
Characteristics of Psittacossis infection?
- 1. Type of ornithosis, an infection of birds, also called "parrot fever"
- 2. Causes pneumonia & death of tropical birds
- 3. Can be transmitted to humans from birds through secretions or droppings
- 4. Humans get chronic asthma-like respiratory illness, cough, fever, fatigue, pneumonia
- 5. Treated with tetracycline
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Atypical Bacteria; Chlamydia; Infections
Characteristics of Trachoma infection?
- 1. Type of conjunctivitis
- 2. World's leading cause of blindness (40 million cases at any given time)
- 3. Found in animal and human urine & feces > Ends up in water supply
- 4. Water with Trachoma infects eyes
- 5. Treated with tetracycline
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Atypical Bacteria; Chlamydia; Infections
Characteristics of Lymphogranuloma Venereum (LGV) infection?
- 1. It is an STD
- 2. Infects the lymph nodes of groin
- 3. Causes hard, bleeding swollen lumps, granules
- 4. It looks like syphilis, but is called "black syphilis" because of bleeding
- 5. Treated with tetracycline
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Atypical Bacteria; Chlamydia; Infections
Characteristics of Genito-urinary Chlamydia infection?
- 1. It is an STD
- 2. In females causes PID, cervicitis, sterility
- 3. In males causes Urethritis, prostatitis, testicle infections, sterility
- 4. Treated with tetracycline
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