Anatomy Chapter 19

List the four compartments of the thigh.

What structure forms the compartments of the thigh?

Origin- Transverse processes of L1-L5
Insertion- Lesser trochanter of femur
Action- Flexes hip; Rotates thigh laterally; Flexes vertebral column

Origin- Iliac fossa
Insertion- Lesser trochanter of femur
Action- Flexes hip; Rotates thigh laterally

By what name are the iliacus and psoas major referred to after they pass deep to the inguinal ligament?

Origin- Anterior superior iliac spine
Insertion- Superior part of the medial surface of tibia
Action- Flexes, abducts, and laterally rotates thigh at hip joint and flexes leg at knee joint.
(Known as tailor's muscle)

Origin- Pubis - below pubic crest
Insertion- Middle third of linea aspera of the femur
Action- Adducts, flexes, and laterally rotates the thigh

Origin- Body and inferior ramus of the pubis
Insertion- Proximal part of linea aspera
Action- Adducts, flexes, and laterally rotates thigh

Origin- Body and inferior ramus of pubis
Insertion- Proximal medial surface of tibia
Action- Adducts thigh; Flexes and rotates leg medially at knee

Origin- Pectineal line of the pubis
Insertion- Pectineal line of the femur
Action- Adducts, flexes, and laterally rotates thigh

Origin- Inferior ramus of pubis, ramus of ischium, and ischial tuberosity
Insertion- Linea aspera and medial epicondyle of femur
Action- Adducts, flexes, and laterally rotates thigh

Origin- Anterior superior iliac spine and anterior part of external lip of iliac crest
Insertion- Anterolateral aspect of lateral tibial condyle via iliotibial tract
Action- Abducts thigh

Origin- Iliac crest, dorsal surface of sacrum and coccyx
Insertion- Gluteal tuberosity and ilitibial tract
Action- Extends hip; Rotates thigh laterally

Origin- Upper half of lateral surface of the ilium
Insertion- Lateral surface of greater trochanter
Action- Abducts hip; Rotates thigh medially

Origin- Lower half of lateral surface of ilium
Insertion- Anterior surface of greater trochanter
Action- Abducts hip; Rotates thigh medially

Origin- Anterior of the sacrum
Insertion- Superior border of greater trochanter
Action- Laterally rotates extended hip and abducts flexed thigh

Origin- Long Head: Ischial tuberosity. Short Head: Distal part of linea aspera of femur
Insertion- Lateral side of head of fibula
Action- Flexes leg and rotates it laterally; Extends thigh

Origin- Ischial tuberosity
Insertion- Posterior part of medial condyle of tibia
Action- Flexes leg at knee; Extends and medially rotates thigh at hip

Origin- Ischial tuberosity
Insertion- Proximal portion of medial surface of body of tibia
Action- Flexes leg at knee; Extends and medially rotates thigh at hip

What is the collective name of the group of four extensors of the knee in the anterior compartment of the thigh?

What is the common insertion of the group of four extensors of the knee in the anterior compartment of the thigh?

What is the common action of the group of four extensors of the knee in the anterior compartment of the thigh?

Of the four extensors in the anterior compartment of the thigh, which crosses the hip joint and is a flexor of the hip?

Origin- Anterior inferior iliac spine and groove superior to acetabulum
Insertion- Patella by common tendond which continues as patellar ligament to tibial tuberosity
Action- Flexion of the hip; Extension of the knee

Origin- Greater trochanter and linea aspera of femur
Insertion- Patella by common tendon which continues as patellar ligament to tibial tuberosity
Action- Extension of the knee

Origin- Medial surface and linea aspera of femur
Insertion- Patella by common tendon which continues as patellar ligament to tibial tuberosity
Action- Extension of the knee

Origin- Anterior and lateral surfaces of femur
Insertion- Patella by common tendon which continues as patellar ligament to tibial tuberosity
Action- Extension of the knee

List all of the muscles of the anterior compartment of the thigh that cross the knee joint.

List all the muscles of the medial compartment of the thigh that cross the knee joint.

List all the muscles of the lateral compartment of the thigh that cross the knee joint.

List all of the muscles of the posterior compartment of the thigh that cross the knee joint.

What is an anatomical term for the muscles of the leg?

How many compartments lie within the leg?

List the compartments that lie within the leg.

Origin- Lateral condyle of tibia, superior 3/4 of anterior surface of fibula and interosseous membrane
Insertion- Extensor expansions of digits 2-5
Action- Extends digits 2-5 and dorsiflexes foot

Origin- Middle part of anterior surface of fibula and interosseus membrane
Insertion- Dorsal aspect of base of distal phalanx of digit 1 (hallux)
Action- Extends great toe and assists dorsiflexion of foot

Origin- Lateral condyle and superior half of lateral surface of tibia
Insertion- Medial and inferior surfaces of medial cuneiform bone and base of first metatarsal bone
Action- Dorsiflexion of ankle and inversion of foot

Origin- Head and superior 2/3 of lateral surface of fibula
Insertion- Inferior aspects of medial cuneiform and base of first metatarsal
Action- Plantar flexes and everts foot

Origin- Inferior 2/3 of lateral surface of fibula
Insertion- Dorsal surface of tuberosity of fifth metatarsal
Action- Everts foot and weakly plantar flexes foot

Origin- Lateral Head: Lateral aspect of lateral condyle of femur. Medial Head: Popliteal surface of femur, superior fo medial condyle
Insertion- Posterior surface of tuberosity of calcaneus via tendo calcaneus (Achilles tendon)
Action- Plantar flexes foot; raises heel during walking, and flexes knee

Origin- Posterior aspect of fibula and tibia
Insertion- Posterior surface tuberosity of calcaneus via tendo calcaneus (Achilles tendon)
Action- Plantar flexes foot

Origin- Lateral supracondylar ridge of femur
Insertion- Posterior surface tuberosity of calcaneus via tendo calcaneus (Achilles tendon)
Action- Weakly assists gastrocnemius in plantar flexing foot and flexing knee joint

Origin- Medial part of posterior surface of tibia, inferior to soleal line
Insertion- Inferior surface of distal phalanges of digits 2-5
Action- Flexes digits 2-5 and plantar flexes foot

Origin- Inferior 2/3 of posterior surface of fibula and inferior part of interosseous membrane
Insertion- Inferior surface of base of distal phalanx of great tow
Action- Flexes first digit at all joints and plantar flexes foot

Origin- Interosseous membrane, posterior surface of tibia inferior to soleal line and posterior surface of fibula
Insertion- Inferior surfaces of navicular, cuneiforms, cuboid, and bases of metatarsals 2, 3, and 4
Action- Plantar flexes and inverts foot; Supports arches

Origin- Lateral condyle of femur
Insertion- Upper posterior aspect of tibia
Action- Weakly flexes leg and unlocks it

What is the insertion of the gluteus maximus?

What is the common origin of all the hamstrings?

What is the most superficial muscle of the calf?

Which of the adductors of the thigh crosses the knee joint?