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vulva
female external sex organs
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Mons Veneris
Mons Pubis
fatty part (cushion) over pubic bone (hair)
largely known to protect genitals during intercourse
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Labia Majora
Outer lips
extend from Mons Pubis/Veneris (hair)
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Labia Minora
- Within (inner folds) labia majora
- situated b/t labia majora and vestibule
- join at clitoris to form prepuce (hood) over clitoris
- no hair
- differ in appearance
- contain oil glands
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clitoris
- only organ solely for sexual pleasure
- varies in size (like penis)
- Highest nerve fiber concentration
Under prepuce
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Clitoral Shaft
corpora cavernosa
erecticle tissue
fills with blood during arousal
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prepuce
hood covering clitoris
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circumcision
clitorectomy - surgically remove
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infibulation
- stitch together (wood inserted to allow for menstration, urination)
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vestibule
entire region b/t labia minora & introitus
contains opening of urethra and vagina
ducts of Barholin's glands
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introitus
entrance to vagina
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Urethral Meatus (Opening)
Opening to urethra
allows passage of urine, tube connected to bladder
smaller in females than males
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Bartholin's Glands
greater vesibular glands
glands either side of vagina
SECRETION DOES NOT AID IN SEX
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hymen
mucus membrane that covers introitus
may be broken during 1st coitus (sex)
NOT EVERYONE IS BORN WITH ONE
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Perineum
tissue b/t vagina and anus
(may tear during child birth)
episiotomy (cut to allow for more room)
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Crura/Crus
Wing shaped, contains corpora cavernosa: attach clitoris to pubic bone
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spincter muscles
constrict the vaginal & anal organs
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imperforated hymen
abnormally closed
DOES NOT ALLOW EXIT OF MENSTRAL FLUID
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vaginal mucosa
- inner of 3 layers of vaginal wall
- vaginal epithellium
- change structure across menstral cycle
middle - muscular
deepest - fiborous connects vagina to pelvis
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uterus
Womb
fertilized ova implant and develop
size of a fist
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Endometrium
inner lining of uterus - removed during menstration
connected to glands & blood supply
growth triggered by hormones
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phyometrium
Middle layer of uterus
highly muscular
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permetrium
outer layer of uterus
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Fundus
upper end of uterus
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Cervix
entrance @ lower end of the uterus
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OS
opening of cervix (diameter of a straw)
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Fallopian Tubes
passages for ova from ovaries to uterus
transport egg
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Fimbriae
- (fallopian tubes)
- open ended (finger like) which ova enter tube
end of infudibulum
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Infundibulum
middle of fallopian tube
(fist with fingers - fimbriae)
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Isthmus
end of fallopian tubes that connect to uterus
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Ovaries
produce ova & sex homones: testosterone, progesterone, estrogen
- FSH & LH released by pituitary during menstural cycle: causing follicle to begin maturing
- Follicle bursts - releasing ovum (egg)
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millelschermz
middle pain
abdominal/pelvis pain during ovulation
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4 Phases of Menstrual cycle
- 1. follicular phase (7-13) after last menstration
- 2. ovulation phase (14-17) ovum released
- 3. luteal phase (18-28) corpus luteum forms
- 4. Menstration (1-6) endo cells shrink and die off
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1. Follicular Phase (hormones)
GRH (from hypothalmus) to ovaries
sends signal to decrease FSH & LH
stimulates egg and Estrogen
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2. Ovulatory Phase
Estrogen increases and STOPS FSH production
LH - Ovulation occurs, ovum bursts out of follicle
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3. Luteral Phase
Releases Egg:
Progesterone & Estrogen incase of pregnancy
If no egg: high levels decrease LH
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4. Menstrual Phase
endometrial cells shrink and die off
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GnRH (gonadotropin-releasing hormone)
triggers onset of puberty and sexual development
responsible for the release of FSH & LH
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dysmenorrhea
painful menstration
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primary amenorrhea
not having period
Never start
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secondary amenhorrhea
period stops before menopause
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mennorrhagia
excessive menstrual flow
(birth control pills)
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PMS/PMDD
linked to serotonin imbalance
PMDD more severe
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Endometriosis
egg grows in other places other than uterus
painful periods
surgery may be needed
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PAP Smear
examination of cells scraped from cervix
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Toxic Shock Syndrome
Rely tampons - too long, cause bacteria to form
high fever, vomitting
10% death rate
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