-
osteoporosis T-score
less than -2.5 std dev
-
SaO2, PaO2, PaCO2, PEFR, HR, RR w/ asthma attack needing emergency room treatment (i.e. red flags)
- SaO2 = less than 90%
- PaO2 = less than 60%
- PaCO2 = greater than 45
- HR = greater than 120
- RR = greater than 30
- PEFR = less than 100
-
resp acidosis conditions
- COPD
- sedative overdose
- chest wall abn (obesity)
- severe pneumonia
- atelectasis
- resp muscle weakness
- Guillain Barre
- hypoventilation
-
primary osteoarthritis is caused by
- cause unknown
- wear and tear
-
normal ABG PaO2
80-100 mmHg
-
acidosis/alkalosis death cutoff values
- pH = 6.8 or less (acidosis)
- pH = 7.8 or more (alkalosis)
-
hip # affects where
proximal 1/3 of femur
-
idiopathic arthritis other name
primary arthritis
-
ortolani test desc.
limited hip abduction test for DDH
-
barlow test desc.
adduct leg in and up (bent knee) toward chest; hear click for DDH
-
CNS symptoms of FES
- memory
- restlessness
- confusion
- increased temp
- headache
-
primary trigger for malignant hyperthermia
succinylcholine
-
symptoms of compartment syndrome
- paresthesia (numbness/tingling)
- pain distal to injury, not relieved w/ pain measures
- pallor, coolness, loss of color
- paralysis (late sign)
- pulselessness (late sign)
-
DEXA scan does what, to where
bone density measurement in spine, hips, forearm
-
congenital osteo disorders (3)
- clubfoot
- dev'tal dysplasia of the hip DDH
- duchenne muscular dystrophe DMD
-
unrestricted vs. semirestricted vs. restricted surgical dept.
- unrestricted = street clothes ok
- semirestrct = surgical attire w/ head covers
- restricted = masks required
-
osteomyelitis - do which labs and tests (7)
- CBC
- CRP (C-reactive protein)
- ESR
- anaerobic cultures
- aerobic cultures
- bone aspiration
- radiograph
-
why is there usually no compensation w/ acute respiratory alkalosis
- b/c must treat cause of hypoxemia
- there isn't enough time for compensation to occur (which is causing the hyperventilation in the first place)
-
what do you do for child w/ DDH who has adduction contracture
bryant skin traction
-
impt intervention to prevent DMD complications
repos. frequently for resp and circulation
-
how ctrl/prevent edema in pts w/ casts
ice
-
most common septic arthritis sites
-
how long does hip spica cast stay on
2-4 months
-
1st s/s of "silent disease"
- back pain
- spontaneous #
- loss of height
- (silent disease = osteoporosis)
-
possible causes of post-op delirium
- hypoxia (#1 to assess)
- alcohol w/drawal
- electrolyte abnormalities
- drug effects
-
compartment sydrome faciotomy
- surgical decompression
- left open to allow space for drainage of fluid
- infection possible
-
assess how often osteomyelitis pt post-op
every 4 hrs
-
compartment syndrome - ice?
no ice b/c vasoconstriction
-
for asthma exacerbations, start w/ what med and then add what med, and then what
- 1- corticosteroid inhaler
- 2- add bronchodilator if needed (only for acute)
- 3- prednisone (only for short period of time)
-
RN does what re: DVT post #
- compression gradient stockings
- sequential compression devices
-
for what age child w/ DDH do you treat it by starting off w/ closed reduction (not immediate open reduction)
6 to 18 months
-
above what temperature post-op should you be concerned about atelectasis or resp congestion
100.4 degrees F
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