neo exam 2/1

surfactant deficiency

• ICH (intraventricular hemorrhage)
• Barotrauma (trauma from high pressure)
• NEC (necrotizing enterocolitis)
• PIE (pulmonary intertistial emphysema)
• ROP (retinopathy of prematurity)

• if needed assistance w/ resp rate use CPAP non invasive bc u want to minimize barotrauma
• lower vt strategy
• HFOV -- high freq oscillation ventilation
• SRT -- surfactant replacement therapy -- dec surface tension

• bronchopulmonary dysplasia/ chronic lung disease
• --it is a result from the adverse effects of mech vent

• extensive lung injury by barotrauma (which is caused by pressure)
• volume trauma (which is from excessive volumes)

• prevention/ treatment is low vt strategy -minimize barotrauma
• surgactant replacement therapy
• close PDA is the number one (patent ductus arteriosus)
• oscillator
• ECMO -- having severe oxygenation issues
• nitric oxide
• hydration
• vitamin A

• copd gases of
• - inc paco2
• -inc bicarb
• -dec paco2

it is the constriction of the blood vessels -- too much oxygen causing the retina blood vessels to contrict. the blood vessels die and form a scar in the lens of the eyes and this is how the blindness occurs

• use very cautious oxygen -- the more premature they are the higher the incidense of ROP
• (need to set spo2 high alarm)

less than 32 weeks gestation and less than 1500 grams

prematurity of the CNS (central nervous sys--meaning the head)

pulmonary interstitial emphysema --this is an air leak syndrome -- where the air escapes into the pulmonary interstitium

• HFOV-- high freq oscillation ventilation
• --done by using lower vt strategy bc inc pressure will worsen it. this is what caused PIE in the 1st place

• knocking out the respiratory drive
• nitrogen washout (need to know) --leads to absorption atelectasis
• ROP

transillumination