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Regulation of Systemic Blood Pressure Learning Objectives
- 1. Describe the activity of baroreceptors
- 2. Explain the baroreceptor reflex to various stimuli
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regulation of systemic arterial pressure
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Components of the baroreceptor reflex:
- stimulus: change in blood pressure
- sensory receptor: carotid artery and the aortic baroreceptors
- integrating center: medularry cardio vascular control center
- efferent path: parasympathetic and sympathetic neural pathways
- effector:
- PARA: SA node
- SYMP: SA node, ventricles, veins, arterioles
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The baroreceptor reflex: the response to increased blood pressure
- stimulus: increase in blood pressure
- receptor: firing of baro receptors in carotid arteries and aorta
- afferent pathway: sensory neurons
- integrating centre: cardiovascular control center in the medulla oblongata
- efferent pathway: either decreased sympathetic out put or increased parasympathetic output
- efferent pathway: either decreased sympathetic out put or increased parasympathetic output
- tissue response: vaso dialation, decreased force of contraction, decreased heart rate
- this all leads to decreased blood pressure
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The baroreceptor reflex: the response to orthostatic hypotension
- stimulus: decreased mean arterial pressure upon standing
- receptor: firing of carotid and aortic baroreceptors
- afferent pathway: sensory neurons
- integrating centre:cardiovascular control center in the medulla oblongata
- efferent pathway: either increased sympathetic out put or decreased parasympathetic output
- effector: articular smooth muscle, ventricular myocardium, SA node
- tissue response: vasoconstriction, increased force of contraction, increased heart rate
- system response: increased peripheral resistance, and increased cardiac out put
- this all leads to increased blood pressure
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