Artic Test 2.txt

True or false:
Ethnicity, cultural background, and language status are interrelated.
True False

T/F:
Ethnic background is not a significant factor for linguistic diversity.
True False

Are ASL and English the same?

SLPs can/or can’t treat children speaking English as a second language unless have specific training in ESL

What are the four major groups we have descriptive research on?

What is the origin of African American English (AAE)?

What is a simplified and limited communication system between two communities with no common language?

What is more complex system with its own phonological, syntactic, semantic and pragmatic rules (used when it starts being passed down to children)?

What is changing from one dialect or speech pattern to another based on the situation and the communication partner?

AAE has it's own ____ and ____rules.

What is changing a diphthong to a vowel?

What position do speakers of AAE have the most differences with?

Which of the following is not likely found as a type of word-final consonant ommisions in AAE English?
Final consonant is a nasal
Final consonant is a stop
Final consonant is an affricate
When the following word begins with a consonant

Where would a conosonant cluster reduction most often occur in AAE?

Initial clusters may have sound ___________ in AAE. “strike” becomes “skrike"

Which three occur most frequently in unstressed syllable deletion in AAE?
w
1-when the syllable is a single vowel
2-when the preceding word ends in a vowel
3-when the proceeding word ends in a vowel
4- in prepositions or conjunctions

Speakers of ____________ would show these error patterns:
Metathesis “aks”
Devoicing final voiced consonants/i/ for /e/ substitution: “pin” substituted for “pen”
/b/ for /v/ in the initial position
“in” substituted for “ing”

Children of AAE and English show similar________

Which phonological process carries on later in AAE?

When Interpreting data for AAE speakers what is the criteria needed?

There are currently ____________ native american people in the US.

THere are currently ______ Native American reservations and ______ Alaskan indigenous villages

How many tribal groups are there?

How many NAmerican languages are there

Many NA languages are extinct...how many languages are spoken by more than 1000 people?

What two things are unclear when looking at NA languages?

Which language group appears to have languages that belong to different language families with no genetic link and the languages are undergoing changes?

Native American

NA languages may have _____ sounds than English and Vowels may be _______

Meaning contrasts in NA languages may be produced by changes in ____,_______,______

Some Native American languages have_______

What is the most common sound in NA?

In the Navajo language there are fewer _______, and none in syllable _____ positions

Most NA languages spoken by
______people and in Oklahoma, only 2 of ____languages are passed onto children

Which language is now acquired second after English?

How many latino people are in the US?

What are the three major Hispanic groups in the US?

English has ____ vowels, Spanish has ____vowels

English has 24 consonants—Spanish has _____ consonants

Which four phonemes don't occur in Spanish?

What four English phonemes occur in final position in Spanish?

The English initial _____cluster does not occur in Spanish and Spanish rarely has a final ______

What are some common substitutions that Spanish speakers make when speaking English?

What type of "r" do Spanish speakers use?

Final consonants are often __________ when Spanish speakers speak English.

Spanish speakers often Deaspirate English______ and omit initial ______

How do Spanish speakers speaking English tend to produce /t, d, n/ ?

Which place in the mouth do Spanish speakers generally produce /s/?

/N/ tends to sound like _______ in Spanish/English.

Most Spanish vowels are mastered by _____

Most Spanish phonemes mastered by age _____

Dialectical features appear at age _____ in Spanish speakers

Spanish speakers in early elementary years still have difficulty with ______,_____,_____,_____

Vowels errors on _____ are most frequent in Spanish/English.

what phonological process persists longer in Spanish speaking children than in English speaking children ?

some Asian languages are ________

Asian languages often delete these three aspects of speech:

Asian languages often confuse these four English speech sounds:

Asian languages often reduce___________

What types of substitutions are common in Asian languages?

What are the two Chinese dialects?

Chinese is a __________language.

Mandarin has 2 ___________, Cantonese has 7 ______

There are no________________in Chinese.

3 distinctive features of South Asian languages are?

South Asian Languages are _______ (no difference between spelling and punctuation)

There are major differences in tone and rhythm in this language?

Is Vietnamese monosyllabic or multisyllabic?

Only voiceless stops and ________ appear as final consonants in Vietnamese and there are no _____________

Do the Vietnamese focus on syllable stress?

This tonal language has different vowel stress and speakers often have difficulty with final consonants and consonant clusters?

Which of these are not tonal languages?
Chinese
Vietnamese
Thai
Khmer

______is Derived from the languages of India and French

In Thai all consonants are used in ______ position

Thai speakers often put stress on this syllable.

What language has 75 sub languages, and the main one is Tagalog?

Which language has no consonant clusters in word initial or final position?

Fricatives and ________ are only in initial position in the Korean language.

Korean language tends to sound _______

Japanese has _______ vowels and some may be devoiced in some contexts and only one final consonant which is _________.

Which language may add a vowel to words ending in consonants.

How many vowels does Arabic have?

These sounds are produced with the tongue root retracted toward the posterior wall of the pharynx thus giving a lot of stress to the consonant

Which consonants may be absent in Arabic?

How is /r/ produced in Arabic?

Are written and spoken Arabic the same?

________ speaking children acquire phonemes faster than English children.

_____________should be the primary source of information about phonology when assessing for bideialectical vs. bilingual.

FLATC stands for

This test looks at all positions, manner, place, and voice, with about 3 pictures on each page and each picture focuses on one phoneme. It also is an older test. What is the name of this test?

(GFTA-2) stands for?

this test is time efficient because each colored picture can have multiple targets, and it is a flip chart style. Which test is this?

PAT-III stands for?

This test consists of 9 photographs per page. It only assesses single words and it each position (initial, medial, final) for each phoneme. You can pick from two forms: cards or booklet. Which test is this?

(AAPS)-3

This test has one black line drawing per page, and it only tests initial and final positions. It has a single word version and sentence word version. It also may ask more than one prompt per page.

Which test is good for non native speakers of English?

Which test has seperate scores for male and female?

WCAT

This test has one colored picture and phoneme per page. It has sentence closure tasks. And it tests single word, sentence, and connected speech.

(SPAT-DII)

This test features photographs of "Dudsberry". It has a color coded response sheet, and it tests Consonant classifications, inventory, manner, connected speech, word level phonological processes (articulation and phonological processes)

This test takes into account dialectal differences?

T-MAC)

This test is appropriate for Ages 3-Adult. It has multiple black line drawings per page and has three versions: screening version (3-5 minutes), reading version, and sentence version

(KLPA-2)

This is not a test, and it is based on whole word transcription of GFTA-2 (Goldman Frisco.) It focuses on developmental phonological process profile and Phonetic inventory.

(APP-R)

Has lots of objects and pictures, not all stimuli provided and no normative information. Designed for preschool and elementary children. Not standardized.Best used as analysis for intervention rather than placement

Which five tests are most often used?

Which test is rarely used anymore?

Which three tests are best for adults?

Which tests have the stimulability feature?

Which test is not appropriate for adults?

Which tests use sentence closure format?

Which tests look at consonants, vowels, dipthongs?

What is it called when a child learns two langs. at once?

What is it called when a child learns one language and then another later?

What two major errors do we see with bilingual children?

What is interference?

What is it called when two sounds don't have a difference in native lang. but they do in English and they are hard to distinguish?

What is called when a non-native Eng. speaker overarticulates a sound..usually allophones?

What is considered the critical age for learning two languages?

Structural abnormalities may prevent lip __________ or _________.

Adequately repaired clefts, or surgically altered lip structures may not significantly impact _________.

Teeth are significant articulators for what 3 places of articulation?

What is the general term for misalignment of dental arches?

What is the class/term for normal dental arch alignment?

Malocclusion where the front teeth are in atypically positioned but molar alignment is normal?

What is the dental occlusion class/term for overbite?

What is the dental occlusion class/term for underbite?

What are 3 functions do you assess in oral-peripheral exam for lips?

Short Lingual Frenum

Total or partial removal of diseased tongue.

Hard palate clefts are usually repaired within the first ___ years of life.

What prosthetic device that is attached to molars helps with eating and accurate speech production?

What physiological mechanism connects (couples) or disconnects (uncouples) the oral and anasal cavities?

What anatomical structure maintains oral resonance, prevents unwanted nasal resonance and builds intraoral air pressure?

What are are pressure consonants?

What specific difficulties are associated with Velopharyngeal Inadequacy (difficulty closing nasal port)?

Correct or markedly improved production of sounds through unusual methods of articulation by a child with defective speech structures.

What distinctive feature is a common compensatory pattern for someone with velopharyngeal inadequacy?

Client with velopharyngeal inadequacy may produce glottal stop substitutions for what phonemes?

Client with velopharyngeal inadequacy may produce pharyngeal stop for what phonemes?

What place of articulation might a client with velopharyngeal inadequacy may produce fricatives and affricates?

What manner/place phonemes are substituted for sibilants and sound like a stop in clients with velopharyngeal inadequacy?

Mid-dorsum palatal stops are commonly substituted for what phonemes in clients with velopharyngeal inadequacy?

Audible air leaking through the nose

In clients with velopharyngeal inadequacy, what oral sounds are associated with hypernasality?

To summarize, what 3 compensatory patterns are most associated with velopharyngeal inadequacy?

Central or Peripheral Nervous System (or both) damage is the cause of what disorder?

What disorder in children is known as a nonprogressive neurological disorder?

What disorder is caused by damage to the motor programming areas of speech?

Childhood motor speech disorder affecting the motor programming of the articulators affecting articulation and prosody.

What's the difference between childhood and adult apraxia?

Integrity of the ________ mechanism is essential for typical acquisition and production of speech sounds.

Speed at which a speaker can repeat selected syllables (puh-tuh-kuh)

What percent of school children may have some degree of hearing loss?

Normal hearing children have what advantages?

How well someone's auditory mechanism works

Hearing problem (2-3 % school children)

Person with a hearing loss within the range of 25 dB to 95 dB; has residual hearing that is somewhat useful in assisting in communication.

Person whose hearing loss typically exceeds 70 dB and who cannot hear or understand conversational speech under normal circumstances.

Hearing loss present at birth

Hearing loss where the onset is after birth

Persistent ear infections affect ________ sounds particularly in the _______ positions.

A common error in children with ear infections is to omit _____ consonants or substitute them with the ___ phoneme.

In regard to nasal sounds, children with ear infections tend to produce what common errors?

What common error pattern may be retained after ear infection has cleared up?

What dB of hearing is considered Normal (children/adults)?

Slight hearing loss (dB)

Mild hearing loss (dB)

Moderate hearing loss (dB)

Severe hearing loss (dB)

Profound hearing loss (dB)

With hearing loss, there is often omission of the ______ and ______ consonants.

With hearing loss, there is often weak consonant production in the ________ position.

With hearing loss, there is often _______ substitutions, and ________ & _________confusion.

Typical deaf sounding speech is due to ___________.

With hearing loss, there is often insertion of _________ _______ (may be artifact of how these are learned)

With hearing loss, speakers tend to speak at a _______ rate and with more ________.

With hearing loss, speakers tend to have slow articulatory _________.

Speakers with hearing loss tend to speak using inappropriate _______.

Speakers with hearing loss tend to have many errors in ______.

Ability to distinguish between sounds

In Discrimination training, better discrimination is achieved but not better ____________.

Which type of training with speakers of hearing loss results in better discrimination and production?

Speakers with hearing loss should receive which training first discrimination or production?

What test of oral sensation places a 3-D object in client's mouth and asks them to identify from a group of pictures what shape they have in their mouth?

What test of oral sensation stimulates the tongue at two points?

What type of test of oral sensation studies the effects of sensory deprivation in articulation?

1. Fricative & Affricate misarticulation
2. Tongue Retroflexion & Lip Rounding difficulties
3. Posterior Positioning of articulators
4. Duration increases in Consonants
5. Air Pressure increases intraorally
are all associated with what type of test study in adults?

Patients with ________ deficits may be tested using a anesthetized study because it indicates their potential for ________.

What percentage of preschool children with one disorder have a co-existing one?

Children with _________ disorders produce less complex language, shorter utterances, and incomplete sentences.

Increases in ________ results in increase in errors as well (consonant clusters).

In children with S-L disorder reading may be impacted; what is most affected?

To determine impact of S-L disorder on reading, __________ should be viewed separate from __________.

Intelligence shows to have an impact on language skills; what scoring individuals have higher prevalence of articulation disorders?

What's the significance of birth order and number of siblings on language skills?

What factors are associated with familial prevalence of articulation disorders?

Pattern of deviant or reverse swallow in which the position of the tongue at rest is foward and often protrudes.

Tongue thrust is considered typical in children younger than ___ so most often is not treated until child is older.

Phonological process of tongue thrusters during speech where the tongue comes out and is seen or between the teeth (looks like a lizard)?

What are the 2 types of tongue thrusting?

Tongue position of tongue thrusters may result in what dental abnormality?

Tongue thrusting can cause an articulation disorder-lisp, what production errors often occur but may not affect acoustic properties?

In what setting is tongue thrust treatment not typically provided?

In screening assessment, a _______ score suggests no further assessment needed

In screening assessment, a _______ score suggests neef forfurther assessment.

Nonstandardized procedures of assessment may use specific questions designed to elicit ________ verbal utterances.

When having clients read selected passages for assessment purposes, we must be aware of their ______ and ______ level.

What must we have before we ever see a client?

That kind of info is in a case hx?

What must we have before getting either oral or written information from other professionals?

What type of questions are employed during the opening interview with client or guardian?

Asking a client to look at a picture and tell us what it is would be an example of what type of allowable prompt in evoking response during standardized testing?

If a client responds with a word other than the target desired, a prompt such as "That's right that is a bunny; another name for this animal is a rabbit; can you tell me what this is?" would be an example of what type of prompt?

If a target word has not been elicited from either Spontaneous or Delayed Imitation Task, what is the last resulting prompt an SLP may employ when standardized testing?

When response recording, what are the 3 types of speech sound disorders?

What are additional factors that should be considered before choosing a test for standardized testing?

What are 3 benefits of using whole word phonetic transcription?

In O-P exam, what type of facial characteristics are noted?

What tasks do we ask client to perform with their lips during O-P exam?

What do we test in re: to the tongue during O-P exam?

In O-P exam, what is the method for assessing the occlusion of the teeth?

What abnormality of the velum suggests that something did not fuse when the skull was being developed?

What abnormality is assessed when eliciting the gag reflex in the O-P exam?

What abnormality of the hard palate may be present if you note what looks like a dark spot on the palate?

Hole that has not closed after cleft palate surgery

When examining the tonsils and fauces of the pharynx during O-P exam what might we be looking for?

Extent to which a misarticulated sound can be produced correctly by imitation or other cues.

In what segments of speech production can stimulability be tested?