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One of the key elements of the cell theory is:
Cells are the basic units of life and living organisms are made up of one or more cells
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Some prokaryotic cells are "anaerobic" referring to their:
Dont need oxygen to live
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Small cells tend to have
Increased membrane surface area
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The process of making proteins is:
Transcription & translation --engineer & factory -- copy plans & send them off to be assembled
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Specialized, membrane bound structures within the cells are known as
Vacuoles
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The endoplasmic reticulum is
The "cell highway" that performs transportatiom duties within a cell
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Every cell has the following three components
Cell membrane, cytoplasm, genetic material
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One of the functions of a vacuole in a plant is to
Store, support, and regulate water
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The universal form of energy in all living cells is
ATP
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Moving hydrogen ions from one side of a membrane to the other
Proton pump
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The lifespan of a lipid bilayer in the membranes is generally:
Measured in hours
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The "endosymbiosis hypothesis" proposes that
Mutualistic relationship between different organisms and capable of independent reproduction
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The overall function of a mitochondria is to
"cell power plant" used to generate most of the cells store of ATP -- also break down fats and sugar to ATP
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Which of the following are examples of kinetic energy?
Wind, flowing stream, electricity, heat
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The first law of thermodynamics tells us that
Whatever energy you put into a system is energy you will get out
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As "energy organelles" plant cells have:
Chloroplasts
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The first organisms on earth occurred about
3.8 billion years ago
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Autotrophic organisms get their energy from
Photosynthesis
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The early atmosphere of the earth had:
Hydrogen, ammonia, methane, water vapor, but NO oxygen
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"Family" is a level in the Linnaean classification hierarchy between:
Order and genus
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When tectonic plates tipped, they influenced evolution by;
Changing the environment with the movemeny of continents, coastlines varied, sea levels changed
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The multicellular kingdoms differ in their
Cells (prokaryotic/eukaryotic) - how theg eat - plants: photosynthesis, fungi: absorbtion, animals-ingestion modes of nutrition
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Scientific names are used instead of common name because
Universal and more efficient
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Linnaeus names a plant "Siegesbeckia" in order to:
Spite the guy that the plant is named after
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In which kingdom do we classify viruses?
none
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Viruses are composed of ____ & _____.
capsid, genetic material
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_____ are viruses that attack bacteria.
Bacteriophage
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HIV infection attacks the:
T4 lymphocytes (immune system cells); basically attacks the whole immune system
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Which of the following is true of viruses outside the host cell?
viruses exist as a protein coat or caspid, sometimes enclosed within a membrane. the capsid encloses either DNA or RNA which codes for the virus elements. While in this form outside the cell, the virus is metabolically inert
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Which of the following human diseases is not caused by viruses.
flu
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HIV stands for?
Human Immunodeficiency Virus
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The spanish flu:
influenza pandemic that spread widely across the world, aka H1N1. 20-50 million deaths worldwide.
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The problem associated with the development of a vaccine against the Bird Flu virus
virus is constantly mutating, vaccines are developed from chickens, eggs, and embryos and the virus is killing them all
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In the movie, what epidemic did Dr. John Snow prevent in 1854 in London?
Cholera
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The bird flu is caused by what strain of virus?
H5N1
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Why were young children the first casualties of the bird flue in thailand?
the task of plucking feathers off chickens is usually the job of children
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Where did the bird flu come from?
southeast asia
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what percentage of people who catch the bird flue die from it
50%
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