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What is Osteoporosis (pg 195)
Brittle bones, rigidity
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What is Kyphosis and Spondylosis (pg 195)
Spinal Curvatures
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What is the Epiglottis (pg 214)
Leaf shaped structure above larynx that prevents food and liquid from entering the larynx
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What is Tidal Volume (pg 216)
Measure of depth of breathing, is the amount of air in milliters (mL) that is moved into or out of the lungs during a sungle breath
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What is Diffusion (pg 218)
Passive Process in which Molecules move from an area of higher conventration to an area of lower concentration
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What happens when the levels of CO2 become to high or to low (pg 219)
The Brsin automatically adjusts breathing accordingly
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What is Hypoxia (pg 218)
Extreemly dangerous condition in which the bodys tissues and cells do not have enough oxygen
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Some cells may be severely or permanently damaged after how many minutes without oxygen (pg 218)
After only 4 to 6 minutes
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What is Myocardial infarction (pg 220)
Heart Attack or Iscemia when there is inadequate circulation ofvoxygen carrying blood to the tissues of the heart
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What is Pulomonary Edema (pg 220)
Fluid accumulates in the lungs reducing exchange of O2 and CO2 in yhe Alveoli
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What is Hypoperfusion (pg 220)
Shock ( when the circulatory system fails to provide adequate amounts og Oxygen, tissues begin to die)
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What is COPD (pg 220)
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (poor gas exchange due to alveolar damage)
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What are the two primary purposes for the Oropharyngeal Airway (pg 226)
- 1) Keep tongue from blocking airway
- 2) Make it easier to suction oropharynx if necessary
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What is Gag Reflex ( pg 226)
Protective reflex mechanism that prevents food and other particals from enyering airway
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What two types of tips are fitted for portable suction units (pg 231)
- 1: Plastic ridged pharyngeal called Tonsil or Yankauer tips
- 2: Nonridged plastic catheters called French or Whistle-tip
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What is the recommended vacuum for a suction device (pg 232)
Make sure the unit generates a vacuum of more then 300 mm Hg
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Never suction the mouth for more then ... Then ventilate for 2 minutes before suctioning again (pg 233)
- 15 seconds for adults
- 10 seconds for children
- 5 seconds for infants
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When is the recovery position not appropriate (pg 234)
- 1: Suspected spinal trauma
- 2: Unconscious patients who require ventilatory assistance
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List 4 steps for placing an oxygen cylinder into service (pg 239)
- 1: Crack valve to clear dirt particles or contaminants
- 2: Attach regulator/Flowmeter making sure washer is in place
- 3: Attach Regulator alligning pins and holes (hand tighten)
- 4: Attach O2 tubing to flow meter
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Most EMS portable O2 cylinders have a max pressure of approx 2000 psi. What are the parameters to keep them in swrvice (pg 238)
Less the 500 to 1000 psi considered to low to keep in service
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What is the O2 flow rate for Nasal cannula (pg 240)
- 1 to 6 liters/ min.
- With oxygen delivery at 24% to 44%
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What is the O2 flow rate for non-rebreathing mask (pg 240)
- 10 to 15 liters/min
- Up to 90% O2 delivered
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What is the O2 flow rate for a BVM Device (pg 240)
- 15 liters/min
- Nearly 100% O2 delivered
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What are you required to check before using a non-rebreathing mask (pg 240)
Be sure the reservoir bag is full before mask is placed on patient
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When is the Sellick Maneuver also known as Cricoid pressure countraindicated? (pg 246)
In a patient actively vomiting because it may cause esophageal rupture
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When should you use a Shellick or Cricoid pressure technique (pg 246)
When there are two or more rescuers and the patients chest does not rise and fall or there are signs of Gastric Distention
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What is Pnemothorax (pg 248)
The pressence of air or gas in the pleural cavity
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Flow restricted Oxygen devices such as those used in the hospitals can provide up to 100% O2 but are not recomended for what type of patients (pg 248)
Patients with COPD, patients with suspected cervical spine injuries, patients with chest injuries or on infants and children
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When is Gastric Distention most likely to occur (pg 248)
When you ventilate the patient too forcefully or too often with a BVM or or pocket mask device or the airway is obstructed.
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Which hole should you use when ventilating a patient with a lagyngectomy (tracheostomy) (pg 248)
The midline opening is the only one you can use to put O2 into the lungs (ignore any other openings)
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What is the most common obstruction in an unconscious patient (pg 249)
Tongue
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List 5 possible causes for airway obstruction (pg 250)
- 1: Relaxation of the tongue
- 2: Aspirated Vomitus (stomach content)
- 3: Foreign objects (food, dentures, small toys)
- 4: Blood clots, bone fragements, or damaged tissue after an injury
- 5:Airway tissue swelling (infection, allergic reaction)
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