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what is an archipelago?
a chain of islands
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What is the ring of fire?
an area of volcanoes and earthquakes
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What geographical feature protected and isolated Japan?
their seas
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What does it mean to say that Japan is a homogeneous society?
everyone is the same culture; there are few foreingers
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What fraction of the land is livable?
one fifth or 20%
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What does Nippon mean?
land of the rising sun
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Samurai are:
a warrior who fought for their honor
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What is feudalism?
a system of government where lords ruled the land
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Who is the top of the feudalist structure?
Emporer
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Who is second on the feudalist structure?
the Shogun
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Who is third on the feudalist structure?
Daimyo
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Who is fourth on the feudalist structure?
Samurai
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Who is fifth on the feudalist structure?
Ronin
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Who is sixth on the feudalist structure?
Peasants and artisans
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Who is last on the feudalist structure?
merchants
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What is a shogun?
cheif general of the army
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What is a figurehead and who was the figurehead?
someone who was revered and everyone looked up to but had no power; the emporer
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What is a daimyo?
a powerful land owner who swore to the shogun
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What is Shinto?
a religion in Japan that worships spirits and highly regards peace, cleansing
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How did Confucianism influence feudalism and the sociey of Japan?
it teaches how to act around superior and inferior people
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Who was the head of the family in Japan?
a man
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What is Bushido?
the samurai code - The way of the warrior
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What was the diet?
a two-house parliamentry legislature based off of the German system
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Who was the commodore of the American worships and what was his goal?
Matthew Perry; to open Japan to trading
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Describe the Meiji regime and what is changed about Japan.
After isolation, It eliminated fuedalism and made a strong central government along with modernizing and industrializing
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Who is Hideki Tojo?
the military dictator
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During WWII, what side did Japan choose to allign with?
Axis - Germany and Italy
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What happened on December 7th, 1941?
Japan bombed Pearl Harbor
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What happened on August 6th, 1945?
the bombing of Hiroshima
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What happened after August 6th, 1945?
Japan refused to surrender, Nagasaki bombed, Japan surrenders, US occupies
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What happened to Japan after WWII?
they were occupied by the US; army was disbanded; democracy was set up with a constitution; they focused on their economy
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Who is General Douglas MacArthur?
American general appointed by Allies to occupy Japan
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How do the Japanese feel about education?
They regard it highly
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What is the economic miracle in Japan?
factories rebuilt with the lastest technology and they began to outproduce the US
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How did oil impact affect some industries that made them grow?
high-tech industries and automobiles grew
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What were some reasons for Japan's economic success?
improved on Western technology, government support, loyalty and hard work, employees and employers working as a team, respect for education producing a skilled work force, little defense spending, tariffs on imports
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What are Japan's challenges for the future?
pollution, overcrowding and urbanization, labor shortage and low birthrate
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What is pacifism?
opposition to the force under any circumstances
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What did the US want Japan to rearm during the cold war; what was the name of their new army?
they wanted to protect them; the Self-Defesnse Force
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What kinds of barriers has Japan created to block foreign companies from selling their products in Japan?
tariffs on imports
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What long-standing dispute does Japan have with Russia?
land dispute over the Kurile Islands north of Hokkaido
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What are reparations and why did Southeast Asain nations disapprove of making them in goods?
payments for damages; they thought Japan was trying to promote their goods more than pay for damages
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What is Kabuki Theater?
form of drama that deals with love and revenge; uses spectacular makeup and costumes
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