Ch 44

Inhale/exhale

Air is 21%

%O2*760mm Hg

Rate of diffussion= k(constant)* A( area of gas exchange) * (P2-P1/ D (thickness of barrier)

small enough surface are for diffussion

• GIlls
• Maximizes O2 diffussion

system of tubules that bring oxygen to the body

muscles need to move to breath

• swallowing air
• frog breathing

• flat
• inhale

• Sharp dome
• exhale

water

H+

breaks hydrogen bongs around lungs

• amount inhaled/exhaled at rest
• aprox 1/2 liters

• maximum volume to be inhaled/exhaled
• Femal is leass than male (3800,4800)

amount in lungs that cannot be forced out of lungs

diaphram cannot contract properly

• have no diaphram
• cannot move an breath

attatched to the diaphramtic muscles that pulls the rib cage away from the lungs expandin the thorasic cavity

• equililant of alveoli
• one way flow
• don't need to exhale

keep fats from attatching to vascular wall

mark biological invaders

moniter ph levels

• helogloblin
• no nuclei
• no mitochondrian

Found in lymph nodes

cause clotting

1 iron molecule

• 4 sub units
• each bind with 1 O2 unit

Minute oxygen (<1%)

more receptive to O2

• more=more
• less=less

more likely to loose O2

Ph goes down

release of more O2 from hemeoglobin

• 7% plasma
• 23% hemoglobin
• 70% Bicarbonate (HCO3-)

catalyst to bicarbonate

Antiporter to Bicarbonate

• Hemolyph (blood subsitute)
• Ex: Clams
• Very low pressure

more sophisticated animals

can cause contraction withou stimulus

Sino Atria node

atrio Venticular node

Veins

Capilaries

• pressure sensing nerve calls
• locate in haert and major arteries

capilaries