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Caffeine
- Trimethylxanthine found in coffee, tea, and OTC's; an adenosine competative antagonist (inhibits the inhibitor), phosphodiesterase inhibitor (both actions allow increase in cAMP)
- High doses cause jitteriness, tremors; can exacerbate anxiety and sleep disorders
- Produces dependence
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Theophylline
- Dimethylxanthine similar to caffeine
- Greater ratio of peripheral to central effects
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Theobromine
Dimethyxanthine similar to caffeine; found in CHOCOLATE
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d-amphetamine (Dexedrine)
- ADHD, weight control, narcolepsy/ stimulates dopamine and NE release
- When used for weight control, tolerance develops
- In ADHD SE include anorexia and insomnia
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Cocaine
- Inhibits DA uptake, but effects very similar to amphetamines
- Used RARELY in medicine as a local anesthetic; metabolized by plasma esterases
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Methylphenidate (Ritalin & Concerta)
ADHD/ Narcolepsy; Stimulates DA release, effects similar to amphetamines
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