-
 Granite
- Phaneritic
- Felsic
- Grayish pinkish
- Igneous Rock
- Light gray feldspar
-
Diorite
- Intermediate
- Phaneritic
- Light gray and dark gray feldspar
- Igneous
-
Gabbro
- Dark colored
- Phaneritic
- Mafic
- Dark gray feldspar
- Igneous
-
Rhyolite
- Aphanitic
- Felsic
- Pink to gray
- Igneous
-
Andesite
- Igneous
- Intermediate
- Light to charcoal gray
- Aphanitic
-
Basalt
- Mafic
- Igneous Rock
- Dark colored
- Aphanitic
-
Obsidian
- Aphanitic
- Can be dark, even though felsic
- Glassy
- Red to dark
- Igneous
- Sharp Edges
-
Pumice
- Light colored (white to light gray)
- Felsic
- Bubbly
-
Scoria
- Dark colored
- tends to be mafic
- bubbly
- Red to black
- Large pores
- Igneous
-
Tuff
- Pryoclastic
- Resembles concrete
- Igneous rock
-
Conglomerate
- Resembles concrete
- Coarse
- Pebbles and Cobbles
- Rounded pebbles in sandstone
- Varicolored
- Sedimentary
- Detrital
-
Breccia
- Angular fragments
- Pebbles and cobbles
- Sedimentary
- Detrital
-
Arkose Sandstone
- Gray to red
- Some clay
- Abundant feldspar grains
- Detrital
-
Quartz Sandstone
- Medium particle size
- Coarse sandpaper
- White to grain to red or yellow
- Detrital
-
Siltstone
- Detrital
- Gritty to touch
- Fine grained
- Like fine sandpaper
-
Shale
- Very fine
- Detrital
- Smooth to slighty gritty
- Slick when wet
- Varicolored
- Breaks into sheets
-
Fossiliferous
-
Chalk
- Organic
- White to gray to brown
- Soft
-
Bituminous Coal
- Brown to black
- Comes from plants
- Brown to black
- Commonly has yellowish sulfur compounds
- Shiny
- Organic
-
Chert
- Comes from plants and animals
- Can't scratch steel
- Sharp edges
- Conchodial fracture
- Organic
- White to gray
- Sedimentary
-
Rock Salt
- Halite
- Cubic crystals
- Salty
- Greasy
- Red/blackish/clear
-
Oolite Limestone
- Calcite
- Chemical
- Think tiny fish eggs
- white to gray
- Sedimentary
-
Phyrite
- Mineral
- Pale brass yellow
- Fools gold
- Cubic Crystals
- Metallic
-
Magnetite
- Iron-black
- MAGNETIC
- 5.5-6.5 hardness
- Mineral
-
Hematite
- Silver to iron-black
- Reddish brown streak color
- Metallic
- 5.5-6.5 hardness
- GLITTERY
- Common traces of rust
-
Chalcopyrite
- Brass yellow
- Steak color: greenish/brownish black
- 3.5-4 hardness
-
Galena
- Silver gray
- Metallic
- Streak color: grey to black
- Hardness 2.5
- Cleavage directions at 90 degrees
- Appearance of lead
-
Graphite
- Pencil lead gray
- Greasy
- Softer than a fingernail
- Mineral
-
Garnet
- Harder than streak plate
- No streak
- Dark red to black
- Mineral
-
Quartz
- Clear, milky white, purple, rose, smoky
- No streak
- VERY HARD
-
-
Orthoclase Feldspar
- White to pink
- Hardness 6-6.5
- NO streak
- Looks like woodgrain
-
Plagioclase Feldspar
- White to dark gray
- No streak
- Fine straight parellel striations
-
Amphibole
- Dark green to black or brown
- Common satin sheen
- 2 cleavage directions
- Streak: white to pale green
- Hardness 6
-
Pyroxene
- Dark green to black
- Streak: white to pale green
- Luster approaches a sheen
- 2 Cleavage directions
- Hardness:6
-
Hematite (nonmetallic)
- Red,brown,yellow
- Rusty earthy appearance
- Hardness: 5.5-6.5
-
Limonite
- Old lemons
- Brownish yellow color
- Streak color: yellowish brown
- Hardness 2-5.5
-
Fluorite
- Honey colored, violet-blue, yellow, green
- Streak: White or none
- Hardnss: 4
- Glassy
- 4 cleavage directions
- Possibly translucent
-
Malachite/Azurite
-
Dolomite
- White, gray, pink
- Streak: No streak
- Glassy
- 3 cleavage directions
- Hardness: 3.5-4
-
Calcite
- Reacts to HCl
- Clear, white, gray, yellow
- No streak
- Glassy
- Mineral
- Hardness: 3
-
Biotite
- UBER thin
- Brown to black
- Streak:white
-
Muscovite
- Clear to yellow
- Streak color: colorless to white
- 1 perfect flaky cleavage
- Mineral
- Hardness: 2.5
- UBER Thin
-
Halite
- Clear to dark gray
- NO streak (sometimes white)
- Glassy
- Hardness: 2.5
- Salty
- Mineral
-
Chlorite
- green to very dark green
- Streak: Pale green
- Irregular cleavage
- Hardness: pale green
-
Kaolinite
- White, yellow, pink
- Softer than a fingernail
- Chalky
- Silky when wet
- Streak:White
-
Gypsum
- Clear to yellow
- Streak: White
- Softer than a finger nail
- Glassy transparent plates
-
Talc
- Silvery or greenish white
- Streak: White
- Pearly luster
- Nonmetallic
- Softer than a fingernail
- Soapy
- Flakes easily
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