26 respiratory system drugs and antihistamines

what are the therapeutic measures for respiratory distress?

______ is used therapeutically for hypoxia and to decrease the workload of the heart and respiratory system, especially during distress

how can oxygen be administered?

what are some SIDE EFFECTS of oxygen delivered too high or too long

oxygen CAUTIONS include

true or false

oxygen is flammable

oxygen supports __________

caffeine citrate and theophylline are examples of _________

calcium citrate is a type of treatment for

Theophylline administration routes

_______ is administered to stimulate respiration in infants and patients with cheyne-stokes respiration

_______ act by relaxing the smooth muscles of the bronchial tree, thereby relieving bronchospasms and decreasing the work of breathing

classifications of bronchodilators

bronchodilators are used in treatment in

how do adrenergics work on the smooth muscles of the lungs

epinephrine has been largely replaced as a bronchodilator in the treatment of asthma by ________ medication

this option of an inhaler is helpful for patients who are unable to coordinate inspiration with actuation of a conventional MDI

_______ creates an aerosol of mist of a drug solution that can be inhaled into the lungs through a mouthpiece or mask usually created with compressed air or oxygen gas

an example of a common short acting beta₂ agonist drug

_______ should be available for rescue treatment for acute attacks

______ block the PNS and can cause drying of pulmonary secretions

______ should be encouraged to avoid mucus plugging

a distinct trait for anticholinergics would be

spiriva and atrovent are administered daily in a

patients taking bronchodilators should be instructed regarding:

a.) following written package directions for
technique and use
b.) drink adequate fluids to prevent mucous plugging
c.) watch for cardiac irregularities
d.) all of the above

synthetic ______ are used to relieve inflammation, reduce swelling, and suppress symptoms in acute and chronic reactive airway disease.

how are corticosteroids administered

true or false

inhaled corticosteroids have a greater systemic effect than oral or injectable administration
True False

______ corticosteroids are increasingly considered first line of therapy for most noninfectious types of rhinitis

some side effects of inhaled corticosteroids

viral, bacterial, or fungal infections
hypertension or CHF
diabetes
hypothyroidism or cirrhosis
renal failure

are all contraindications for ________

term for measures that prevent the spread of disease

an action of two drugs in which one decreases or cancels out the effect of the other

_______ _________ _________ primarily help to control the inflammatory process of asthma caused by leukotriene production, thus helping to prevent asthma symptoms and acute attacks

a distinct side effect for singular would be

a prophylactic for asthma that was one of the first mast cell stabilizer

these are side effects of _______

throat irritation
cough
bronchospasm
nose burning, stinging, sneezing
nausea
headache

when bronchodilators and corticosteroids are administered at the same time which should be given first

________ decrease the hypersecretion of and liquify pulmonary secretions

an example of a mucolytic

acetylcysteine =

_______ increase secretions, reduce viscosity, and help to expel sputum, but offer no clinical benefit and is not recommended for patients with obstructive lung disease

an example of an expectorant

guaifenesin =

normal fluid volume

side effects of expectorants

contraindications with expectorants

_____ was of great concern for reports of severe adverse reactions in the death of infants and children

_______ medications are used to prevent coughing in patients not requiring a productive cough

a reflex mechanism that helps eliminate secretions from the respiratory tract

an example of a narcotic antitussive that is widely used as a cough suppressant due to its reduce incidence of side effects

a narcotic cough suppressant that is slightly compared to codeine, but with a more sedating action

_____ are used more frequently as an antitussive because they do not depress respirations, do not cause dependance, and have few side effects

a first generation antihistamine that is also used as a cough suppressant

true or false

combination formulations such as combining an antitussive with expectorant or decongestant etc. should be used regardless if the symptom is present
True False

side effects of antitussives

patients with URI should not use cough suppressants because of their limited efficacy. what could they use instead?

______ are used to treat the symptoms of allergies

true or false

antihistamines are curatives
True False

patients taking first generation antihistamines should be instructed to:

2nd generation antihistamine examples

if you want a less sedative effect for an antihistamine what type should be prescribed?

true or false

2nd generation antihistamines are not effective for cough treatment
True False

2nd generation antirust side effects

which popular OTC drug was the primary target to be banned by the combat methamphetamine act in 2006

_______ are drugs that constrict blood vessels in the respiratory tract, resulting in shrinkage of swollen mucous membranes and helping to open nasal airway passages

two common examples of adrenergic decongestants

these are side effects of __________

anxiety, nervousness, tremors, seizures
palpitations, hypertension, headache, cerebral hemorrhage, reduced cardiac and renal output, burning, stinging, sneezing, and dryness with nasal preparations

patients taking decongestants should be instructed to:

the leading cause of preventable disease and death in the united states

which is more effective when quitting smoking? quitting cold turkey or using smoking cessation medication.

what do smoking cessation aids do for the body?

______ is an oral antidepressant that is also prescribed as a smoking cessation aid, and is also marketed as zyban

side effects for smoking aids

cautions for smoking aids

_______ is a prescription only partial nicotine receptor agonist antagonist given orally and indicated for adults as an aid in smoking cessation