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Menes
- Ruler of Egypt-Memphis
- First Pharaoh (considered a god)
- Initiated Archaeic Period
- Menes is living representation of Horus (god)
- Old Kingdom
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Middle Kingdom
- Pharaoh becomes a little less divine during this period but is still honored
- Hyksos people bring Middle Kingdom down
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Hyksos
- Bring Middle Kingdom down
- Not semitic
- Chariots
- Metal Weapoms
- Took over Memphis
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New Kingdom
- Egyptians take back over
- Wealth, Power, Agriculture
- Huge Population
- Bureaucratic Sophistication
- Buildings
- Armies
- Tuthmosis III
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Battle of Kadesh
- Hittities vs. Egyptians
- Ramses II
- Chariot battle
- Egypt has long decline after this
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Social Order
- Pharaoh
- Scribes
- Priests
- Craftsman
- Agricultural Workers
- Slaves
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Scribes
- Kept records
- Admin
- Literacy
- Papyrus
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Hieroglyphics
- Correspond to sounds
- Used for holy writing
- To praise pharaohs, write on tombs
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Hamitic
- Language in Egypt
- Not semitic
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Hapshepsut
- Only woman who ruled Egypt through own name
- New Kingdom
- Became Pharaoh
- Dressed like a man
- Try to erase from history after her death
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Deities
Amon: Upper Egypt (sun)
Re: Lower Egypt (sun)
Horace: sky god, permanent king
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Amonnotep IV
- Says there is only one god Aten
- So he wants to be renamed Akhenaten
- Only he can worship Aten
- Married to Nefretiti
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Tutankhamen
- King Tut
- Took over from Amonnotep
- Died at 19
- Curse on Tut's tomb
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