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When did Pachacuti accend to the throne?
1438-1473
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Pachacuti's public workds
- master builders and engineers
- public, royal admisitration
- social engineering, recording of hisotry, reorganization of religion and ceremonies
- rewrote lawes
- enforced intercultural marriage, redesigned/rorganized the milirary
- institued labor taxation, reciprocity system, extablished acclawasi, planned and rebuilt cuzco
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Inca Masonry
stone worked stone without mortar
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coursed masonry
smooth wall surface (the finest), or wihtout sunken joints
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smooth wall surface or without sunken joints
coursed masonry
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polygonal masonry
usually foundation and retaining walls
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Usually foundation or retaining wall
polygonal masonry
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What covered the joint between stone and thatch roofs at the Korikancha
gold plates
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Adobe block masonry
- mud and grass blocks
- ofrent the upper walls of stone strucutres
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Pirca
laid fildstone masonry with morar
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laid fieldstone masonry with mortar
pirca
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What were the roof even for the finest architecture?
thatch
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How do you tie on the tatch roof
gable pegs
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Patchacuti's architecture - characteristics of the imperial model
- 1. Rectangular structures
- 2. symmestrical trapezoidal openings: doors, windows, niches
- 3. Double jamb doorways, niches - finest architecture
- 4. Perfectly-fitted stone-work, without mortar
- 5. Battered walls (incline inward toward top)
- 6. Siting (location) of structures relative to sacred landscape
- 7. Sacred stones and water features
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koricancha (Qorikancha, Coricancha)
- golden enclosure or ocmpound
- temple of the sun
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temple of the sun
koricancha
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Kancha (cancha)
- enclosure with non-communicating rectangular single-room structures around a courtyard
- the basic inca structural plan
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punchao
golden image of sun
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golden image of sun
punchao
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Aqqlawasi (acclahuasi)
house of women chosen for public service
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House of chosen women chosen for public service
aqqlawasi
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haucaypata (awkaypata)
principle city plaza
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principal city plaza
haucaypata (awkaypata)
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Qollqa
circular structure, usually storehouses
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circular structure, usually storehouses
Qollqa
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Kallanka
great, long, rectangular, single room hall, axial supports, doors on plaza
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great, long, rectangular, single room hall, axial supports, doors on plaza
kallanka
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usnu
altar or platform/throne in plaza
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altar or platform/throne in plaza
usnu
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chicha
fermented maize, or other seed or fruit, drink
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fermented maize, or other seed or fruit, drink
chicha
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huaca (waka)
sacred thing or place, often lineage origin feature with transcendent power
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sacred thing or place, often lineage origin feature, with transcendent power
huaca (waka)
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Who did hte labor?
yanaconas (retainer serfs) and mit'mac/mitmaes
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mit'mac/mitmaes
moved populations
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moved populations
mit'mac/mitmaes
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Saqsawaman (Sacsayhuaman)
stronghold at head of, and above Cuzco
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Stronghold at head of, and above cuzco
sacsayhuaman
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Q'enqu, Kenko
probably was pachacuti's mummy shrine
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Tambo Machay
Pachacut "fountain" shirine
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Pisac
- on saddle of mountain overlooking terraces
- Urubamba River
- 9000 ft elevation
- remains of pink plaster on stones
- bedrock, polygonal, coursed, and rough stone masonry
- Waka within circular wall
- temple conmplex w/ coursed masonry houses, trapezoidal doors and windows with bedrock
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Ollantaytambo
- 70 km NW of Cuzco
- lower than cuzco - 9000 ft
- confluence of patakancha and urubamba rivers
- gateway to warmer sacred vilcabamba country with gold, feathers, coca
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Who subdeued and annexed Ollantaytambo
pachacuti
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Ollantaytambo agriculture and architecture
- terraces lead up to unfinished temple complex with wall of six monoliths
- stone quarried on side of mountain across river
- "Piedras cansadas" tired stones, not (yet) used in construction
- many different kinds of stone used
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Geography of machu Picchu
- 8000 ft
- mountain saddle
- encircled by urubamba river
- mountain at N end of site - Huayna Picchu
- agricultural terracing on mountain slope
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when was machu picchu built?
1450-1470
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who discovered machu picchu and when
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torreon at Machu pichu
- rounded structure
- sacred royal stonework
- encloses granite bedrock huaca
- window marks June solstice sunrise
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east-facing three window temple
possibly signifies pakartambo
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masma
rectangular structure with one long open side
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what is the highest huacaat site
- inti huatana
- hitching place of the sun
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how many fountains at Machu Picchu
16
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