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Define TENS
transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation
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Contraindications for TENS
- Undiagnosed pain - unless recommended by medical practitioner
- Heart Disease - clear with cardiologist
- Epilepsy
- Pregnancy - first trimester and over the uterus
- Do not apply over carotid sinus, on broken skin, internally
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Common pulse waveforms used in TENS
- Monophasic pulsed
- Symmetrical biphasic pulsed
- Balanced asymmetrical biphasic pulsed
- Spike like biphasic pulsed
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Conventional TENS
- Uses: more acute conditions, gating mechanism
- Optimal Elcetrode Sites: dermatomes, cutaneous intervation or peripheral nerve to areas of pain
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Conventional TENS Settings
- High Frequency
- Low intensity
- Short Duration
- 20-60min treatment
- Temporary relief
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Acupuncture like TENS
- Uses: more chronic conditions endorphine response
- Optimal electrode sites: myotomes, superficial motor points, nerves, acupuncture and trigger points
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Acupuncture like TENS settings
- strong low frequency to be tolerance
- low frequency
- long duration
- pain relief takes 20-30 mins post treatment
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Define Train/cycle burst
a modulation which combines high and low frequency modes
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Burst TENS settings
- intensity comfortable
- Rate high
- burst low
- duration variable
- Treatment time 20-60mins
- long lasting pain relief
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Define HVPC
- HVPC is the application of monophasic direct current to the body with a known polarity under each set of electores
- uses a twin peaked waveform or a train of two single pulses with a very short phase duration
- average current is low and low pulse charge results
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HVPC for gait
- intensity - sensory
- frequency - high
- low pulse duration
- continuous mode
- electrodes over painful site
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HVPC for opiate
- motor intensity
- low frequency
- long duration
- continuous mode
- electrode placement over painful site
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