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Hypocalemia - Cardiovascular S&Sx you'd expect to see?
- Decreased heart rate
- Hypotension
- Diminished peripheral pulses
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Hypercalcemia - Cardiovascular S&Sx you'd expect to see?
- Incrased heart rate in the EARLY phase
- Bradycardia (that lead to cardiac arrest) in LATE phase
- Increased blood pressure
- Bounding, full peripheral pulses
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Hypocalcemia - Respiratory S&Sx you'd expect to see?
Not directly affected; however, respiratory failure or arrest can result from decreased respiratory movement because of muscle tetany or seizures
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Hypercalcemia - Respiratory S&Sx you'd expect to see?
Ineffective respiratory mvoement as a result of profound skeletal muscle weakness
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Hypocalcemia - Neuromuscular S&Sx you'd expect to see?
- Irritable skeletal muscles: twitches, cramps, tetany, seizures
- Painful muscles spasms in the calf or foot during periods of inactivity
- paresthesia followed by numbness that may affect the lips, nose, and ears in addition to the limbs
- Positive Trousseau's and Chhvosteks signs
- Hyperactive deep tendon reflexes
- Anxiety, irritability
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Hypercalcemia - Neuromuscular S&Sx you'd expect to see?
- Profound muscle weakness
- Diminished or absent deep tendon reflexes
- Disorientation, lethargy, coma
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Hypocalcemia - Renal S&Sx you'd expect to see?
Urinary output varies depending on the cause
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Hypocalcemia - Renal S&Sx you'd expect to see?
- Urinary output varies depending on the cause
- Formation of renal calculi; flank pain
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Hypocalcemia - GI S&Sx you'd expect to see?
- Increased gastric motility: hyperactive bowel sounds
- Cramping, diarrhea
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Hypercalcemia - GI S&Sx you'd expect to see?
- Decreased motility and hpoactive bowl sounds
- Anorexia, nausea, abdominal distention
- Constipation
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What lab values would a nurse expect to see with hypocalcemia?
- Serum calcium level less than 8.6 mg/dL
- Electrocardiographic changes: prolonged ST interval, prolonged QT interval
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What lab values would a nurse expect to see with hypercalcemia?
- Serum calcium level that exceeds 10mg/dL
- Electrocardiographic changes: shrotened ST segment, widened T wave
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