What is the active, muscular part of breathing called ?
Inhalation
Dyspnea
Difficulty breathing.
Apnea
A peroid of not breathing
Hypoxia
A dangerous condition in which the body tissues and cells do not have enough oxygen.
Cricoid pressure
Pressure on the cricoid cartilage: applied to occlude the esophagus in order to inhibit gastric destention and regurgitation of vomitus in the unconscious patient
Pneuothorax
A partial or complete accumulation of air in the pleural space.
Sellick maneuver
A technique that is used to prevent Gastric distention in which pressure is applied to the cricoid cartilage: also refered to as cricoid pressure
What are conditions commonly associated with Hypoxia?
- Heart attack
- Pulmonary edema
- Acute Narcotic or sedative overdose
- Stroke
- Chest injury
- Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
- Astma
- Premature birth
What are signs of inadequate breathing?
- Respiratory rate fewer than 12 breaths/min or more then 20 breaths/min in the presence of dyspnea
- Irregular rhythm
- Auscultated breath sounds are diminished, absent, or noisy.
- Reduced flow of expired air at the mouth or nose
- Increased effort of breathing
- Shallow depth
- Skin that is pale
- Skin pulling in around the ribs or above the clavicle during inspiration (retractions)
The air that we exhale contains how much oxygen and carbon dioxide?
16% oxygen and 3% to 5% of carbon dioxide. The rest is Nitrogen.. 79%
What are indications and contraindications when using a OPA.
Indications
- Unconscious patients without a gag reflex (breathing or apneic)
- any apniec patient being ventilated with a BVM device.
Contraindications
- Conscious patients
- Any Patient (conscious of unconscious) who has an intact gag reflex.
What are indications and contraindications when using a NPA.
Indications
- Semiconscious or unconscious pations with an intact gag reflex
- Patients who otherwise will not tolerate an OPA.
Contriindications
- Severe head injury with blood drainging from the nose
- History of fractured Nasal bone
Agonal respirations
Occasional, gasping breaths that occur after the heart has stopped.