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AUTOIMMUNE SYSTEM
WHEN THE IMMUNE SYSTEM MISTAKES SELF FOR NON SELF AND ATTACKS, SUCH AS RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS
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3 LINES OF DEFENSE OF THE IMMUNE SYSTEM
- 1. ANATOMIC BARRIERS (SKIN AND MUCOUS MEMBRANES)
- 2. BIOCHEMICAL BARRIERS (TEARS, PERSPIRATION)
- 3. MECHANICAL BARRIERS TO ELIMINATE SUBSTANCES(SKIN SLOUGHS OFF, COUGHING)
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LYMPHOCYTE
DEVELOPS FROM A STEM CELL INTO TWO MAJOR CLASSES....B CELLS THAT MATURE IN BONE MARROW AND T CELLS TAHT MATURE IN THE THYMUS.
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MONOCYTES
DEVELOPE FROM THE PHAGOCYTE STEM CELLS. IMMATURE CELLS THAT HAVE LITTLE ABILITY TO FIGHT INFECTION, HOWEVER THEY SWELL AND BECOME MACROPHAGES AND ARE THEN VERY AFFECTIVE.
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MACROPHAGES
THE MOST IMPORTANT FUNCTION IS TO DESTROY ANTIGENS
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PHAGOCYTES
PRODUCED IN LARGE AMOUNTS IN RESPONSE TO PARASITIC INFECTIONS.
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BASOPHILS
RELEASE HEPARIN AND HISTAMINE, WHICH ARE ESSENTIAL COMPONENTS OF THE INFLAMATION PROCESS.
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ORGANS OF IMMUNE SYSTEM:
ARE WHERE THE LYMPHOCYTES DEVELOP.
- 1. BONE MARROW
- 2. THYMUS (BY STERNUM)
- 3. LYMPH NODES (BY GROIN)
- 4. SPLEEN (BY RIGHT RIBS)
- 5. TONSILS
- 6. ADENOIDS
- 7. APPENDIX
- 8. PEYERS PATCHES (LYMPOID TISSUE IN SMALL INTESTINE)
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LYMPH NODES
FUNCTION LIKE A FILTER
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T LYMPHOCYTES
PRESENT IN FOUR IDENTIFIABLE TYPES:
- 1. T CELLS
- 2. SUPPRESSOR T CELLS
- 3. MEMORY T CELLS
- 4. KILLER T CELLS
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B LYMPHOCYTES
THEY ACT UPON THEIR TARGES BY PRODUCING ANTIBODIES.
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IMMUNOGLOBULINS
WHAT GIVES THE B CELL THE ANTIBODY (PROTEIN SUBSTANCE)
- IGA - CONCENTRATED ON BODY FLUIDS, TEARS, SALIVA..ETC.)
- IGD - LOCATED ON B CELL MEMBRANES
- IGE - VERY EFFECTIVE AGAINST PARASITES AND ALLERGIES
- IGG - THE MOST PLENTIFUL ANTIBODY
- IGM - FOUND IN BLOODSTREAM AND VERY EFFECTIVE IN KILLING BACTERIA
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CYTOKINES
NONANTIBODY PROTEINS THAT REGULATE THE IMMUNE RESPONSE
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INTERFERONS
PRODUCED BY T CELLS, A FAMILY OF PROTEINS THAT CAN FIGHT VIRUSES.
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NK (NON KILLER CELLS)
NUMEROUS IN THE BLOODSTREAM. KILL CANCER CELLS AND CELLS INFECTED WITH VIRUSES WITHOUT USING ANTIBODIES.
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THE IMMUNE SYSTEM HAS TWO BRANCHES.
ONE FROM THE B CELL ACTIVITY AND ONE FROM THE T CELL ACTIVITY
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PSYCHONEUROIMMUNOLOGY
A NEW SCIENCE TO HELP FIND THE CONNECTION BETWEEN THE BRAIN, BEHAVIOR AND IMMUNITY.
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AIDS
THE VIRUS INVADES THE HELPER T CELLS AND MACHROPHAGES. THIS THROWS OFF THE CYCLE OF THE WHOLE IMMUNE SYSTEM.
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CANCER
GROWTH OF ABNORMAL CELLS. THESE CELLS ACCUMULATE AND FORM TUMORS THAT INVADE OR DETROY NORMAL TISSUE.
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METASTASIS
THE SPREAD OF A TUMOR TO A NEW SITE
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NEOPLASM
NEW GROWTH (SUCH AS IN CANCER)
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CANCER ARISING FROM EPITHELIAL TISSUES ARE CALLED?
CARCINOMAS
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CANCERS ARISING FROM CONNECTIVE TISSUES ARE CALLED?
SARCOMAS
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MOST COMMON CANCER IN MEN AND WOMAN
LUNG / BRONCHUS CANCER
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MUTATION OR ABNORMAL ACTIVATION OF CELLULAR GENES THAT CONTROL CELL GROWTH CAUSES:
CANCER
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ONCOGENES
THE ABNORMAL GENES THAT CONTROL CELL GROWTH AND DIVISION
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CARCINOGENS
CHEMICAL, PHYSICAL OR BIOLOGIC FACTOR IN CAUSING CANCER, SUCH AS ARSENIC, CIGERETTES..ETC.
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LUPUS ERYTHEMATOSUS
CHRONIC DISEASE WHICH CAUSES CHANGES IN THE IMMUNE SYSTEM. CAUSES INFLAMMATION OF VARIOUS PARTS OF THE BODY.
FEVER, WEIGHT LOSS, HEADACHE, FATIGUE, HAIR LOSS, EDEMA, VOMITING
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LYMPHEDEMA
- SWELLING IN THE TISSUES OF THE BODY CAUSED BY AN ACCUMULATION OF LYMPHATIC FLUID.
- SWELLING WITHIN THE FATTY TISSUE JUST UNDER TEH SKIN OF THE ARM AND HAND
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RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS
CHRONIC INFLAMMATORY AUTOIMMUNE DISEASE. AFFECTS JOINTS AND SURROUNDING MUSCLES, TENDONS, LIGAMENTS AND BLOOD VESSELS.
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