IS 352 Review

First process of science... __________is the process of gathering information using all appropriate senses and instruments that extend the senses.

What are the components of good scientific observing?

2nd procsses of science..... ________ is another main process used in doing science. It is often important to quantify observations by suing a standard unit of measurement.

3rd process of science....... _______is an important way to organize information in science.

Two special ways of classifying that can be introduced in elementary science.

A set of objects is divided into two groups on the basis of whether each object has a particular property.

The objects in the original set are sorted again and again so that a heerachy of sets and subsets is formed. (Based on differences and similarity)

4th process of science....... _______ is an imterpretation of observations that is based on prior knowledge and experiences. (Based on experiences not observation)

5th process of science...... A _________ is a forecast of a possible outcome based on knowlege of patterns in data.

6th process of science..... Sometimes scientists or students can conrol circumstances deliberately and precisely in an experiment to obtain evidence.

_______ experiemnts involve (1) deliberately changing one variable at a time, (2) observing the effect on another variable, while (3) holding all other variables constant.

Three types of variables in scientific investigations....

A ______ variable (also called an independent variable) is a variable that the experimenter deliberately changes or manipulates in an investigation.

A __________ variable (also called a dependent variable) is a variable that changes in an investigation in response to changes in the manipulated variable.

________ variables are variables that are deliberately kept constant or unchanged in an investigation in order not to confound the results, that is so the investigations is a "fair test".

7th process of science.... a ________ is a statement about a possible relationship that might be identified through investigations. This is one of the core activites of scientific investigations.

8th process of science..... Logically link evidence and scientific knowledge to make sense of puzzling events. (figuring out what information means)

9th process of science.... Record and present the results of investigations to others in multiple ways.

The material that everything is made of. Anything that has mass and volume.

Amount of matter in an object (weight).

Measure of the force exterted on an object by the pull of the Earth.

Amount of space taken up by an object. It is calculated by using a graduated cylinder and measured in ml.

Has a constant composition and a specific set of properties.

Basic building blocks of matter (1 kind of atome). Can not be decomposed into simpler substances, 92 naturally occuring and rest are made in the lab.

2 or more elements

A combination fo 2 or more pure substances where each substance keep its own identity. They are physically mixed but not chemically combined.

Apperance shanges
Characterristics (describe)
observed or measured
doesn't involve chemical change

Ability of matter to change into a new substance.

Color change
gas is produced (fizzing/bubbling)
production of light
+/- temperture
adhere to the conservation of matter.
matter will not be created or destroyed in a chemical change

Well mixed, uniformed to naked eye.

If it is not uniformed; not evenly mixed.

From a solid to a liquid.
(1 of the changes of state of water)

From a liquid to a gas.
(1 of the 6 changes of state of water)

From a solid to a gas.
(1 of the 6 changes of state of water)

From a liquid to a solid.
(1 of the 6 changes of state of water)

From a gas to a liquid.
(1 of the 6 changes of state of water)

From a gas to a solid.
(1 of the 6 changes of state of water)

Which of the 6 changes of state of water require heat?

Which of the 6 changes of state of water requires removal of heat?

Energy absored or released during a change of state? (aka hidden heat)

Amount of heat it takes to reaise the tempature of water 1⁰ C.

____ _____ ______ at which the air must be cooled for condenstation to occur.

Change of state from a gas to a liquic with a loss of heat.

Describes the amount of water vapor in the air.

Maximum possible amount of water vapor the air can hold at a given temperature and pressure.

3 subtatomic particles

Inside the nucleus
postive charge
# in nucleus is atomic number
different for each element
tells type of element

smallest part of 3 atomic particles
# is always equal to protons in atom
influences chemical reaction
outside of mucleous
negative charge

inside nucleus
has no charge
together protons and neutrons make up atomic mass #.

Number of protons found in the nucleus.

The total number of protons, neutrons, and electrons in a single atom.

When 2 or more atoms combine. It is the smallest part of the compound.

2 elements at room temperture. Both are in blue on Periodic Table.

silvery gray
located on left hand side of periodic table
shiny metallic luster
might be magnetic
good conductor of heat and electricty
high density (heavy)

located on right hand side of periodic table
non-shiny
brittle
not magnetic
doesn't conduct heat or electricty
low density

semi conductors
have some properties of both metal and non metal
solid
dull/shiny