Common function And they work together to carry out specialized activities
Study of tissues is what?
Histology
What does a Pathologist do?
Looks for tissue changes that may suggest a disease state.
How do you classify Epithelial Tissue?
Covers surfaces, cells contact with other cells
Lines hollow organs, cavities and ducts
Forms glands when cells migrate beneath the surface
How do you classify Connective Tissue?
Generally material (matrix) is found between cells
Protects, Supports and Binds structures together
Stores energy as fat
Provides immunity
How do you classify Muscle Tissue?
Cells shorten in length generating the physical force needed to put body structures in motion
Generates body heat
How do you classify Nerve Tissue?
Cells that conduct electrical signals
Monitors/detects changes inside and outside the body
Coordinates body activities through the generation of nerve impulses
What are the Primary germ layers within the embryo?
Endoderm
Mesoderm
Ectoderm
Define the Tissue derivations?
Epithelial Tissue develops from all 3 germ layers
Connective & Muscle Tissue develops from mesoderm
Nerve Tissue develops from ectoderm
Deinfe the Cell junction.
Gap junction
Define the Cell junction.
Desmosome, this contains the protien Cadherin.
Define the Cell junction.
Hemidesosome. This contains the protien integrin.
Define the Cell Junction.
Tight Junction.
Define the Cell junction.
"Belt junction" or adherence junction
What is unique to Muscle tissue?
Consists of elongated cells called muscle fibers or myocytes
Cells that shorten
Provide us with motion, posture and heat
Cells use ATP to generate force
What are the 3 classifications of muscle cells?
skeletal
cardiac
smooth muscular tissue
Indenifty the tissue and what it does.
Skelatal Muscle.
Cells are long cylinders with many peripheral nuclei
Visible light and dark banding (Striated)Voluntary or conscious control
Involuntary or unconscious control
Identify the tissue and what it does.
Cells are branched cylinders with one central nuclei
Involuntary and Striated
Attached and communicate with each other by intercalated discs containing gap junctions and desmosomes
Identify the tissue and what it does.
Smooth Muscle Tissue
Spindle shaped cells with a single central nuclei
Walls of hollow organs (blood vessels, GI tract, bladder)
Involuntary and Nonstriated
Identify the tissue and it's parts.
Nerve Tissue
Consists of
Axion
Dendtires
Cell body
Excitable Cells do what?
Neurons and muscle fibers
Exhibit electrical excitability
The ability to respond to certain stimuli by producing electrical signals such as action potentials
Actions potentials propagate along a nerve or muscle plasma membrane to cause a response
Release of neurotransmitters
Muscle contraction
Epithelial tissue consists of cells arranged in continuous sheets, in either single or multiple layers are. . .
Closely packed and held tightly together
Covering and lining of the body
Free surface
What are the general features of Epithelial Cells?
Apical (free) surface Faces the body surface, body cavity, lumen, or duct
Lateral surfaces
Faces adjacent cells
Basal surface
Opposite of apical layer and adhere to extracellular materials
Identify the follwing of the parts of the structure.
(left to right)
1. Apical or Free Surface
2. Lateral Surfaces
3.Epitheilaum
4. Basement Membrane (containing Basal and Reticular Lamina)
5. Connective tissue
Ture of Fasle
Epithial tissue do not contain thier own nerve supply.
False. They indeed have thier own nerve supply
Define Avascular.
Lacks its own blood supply
Do Blood vessels in the connective tissue bring in nutrients and eliminate waste to epithial cells?
Yes, because they are considered avascular.
What are the 2 main functions of epithial cells?
1.Covering and lining epithelium
Outer covering of skin and some internal organs
2.Glandular epithelium
Secreting portion of glands (thyroid, adrenal, and sweat glands)
Classify the following tissue.
Contains a single layer it is considered Simple. (simple cuboid)
Classify the following tissue.
Pseduostartified.
Classify the following tissue.
Columnar.
Classify the following tissue.
Stratified.
Classify the following tissue.
cuboidal
Classify the following tissue.
Squamous
Define Simple epithelium.
Single layer of cells that function in diffusion, osmosis, filtration, secretion, or absorption
Appear to have multiple layers because cell nuclei are visualized at different levels
Pseudostratified epithelium
Deinfe Stratified epithelium.
Two or more layers of cells that protect underlying tissues in areas of wear and tear
True or False.
Cells vary in shape depending on their function
True.
Describe a squmous cell.
Thin cells, arranged like floor tiles
Allows for rapid passage of substances
Descibe a Cuboidal cell
As tall as they are wide, shaped like cubes or hexagons
May have microvilli
Function in secretion or absorption
Much taller than they are wide, like columns. May have cilia or microvilli. Specialized function for secretion and absorption. Identify.
Columnar cell.
Define a Transitional cell.
Cells change shape, transition for flat to cuboidal
Organs such as urinary bladder stretch to larger size and collapse to a smaller size
What is are the specific functions of a squamous cell?
Single layer of flat cells (tiled floor or cooked egg)
Lines blood vessels (endothelium), body cavities (mesothelium)
Very thin --- controls diffusion, osmosis and filtration
Nuclei centrally locatedCells in direct contact with each other
What is Endothelium?
The type of simple squamous that lines the heart, blood vessels, and lymphatic vessels.
What is the Mesothelium?
The type of epithelial layer of serous membranes such as the pericardium(heart), pleura (lungs), or peritoneum (stomach)
Where are mesothelium and endothelim derived from?
Unlike other epithelial tissue, Both are derived from embryonic mesoderm.
What are the functions of a cuboidal cell?
Single layer of cube-shaped cells viewed from the side
Nuclei round and centrally located
Lines tubes of kidney
Absorption or secretion
Describe Nonciliated Simple Columnar cells.
Single layer of rectangular cells
Unicellular glands, goblet cells secrete mucus
Lubricate GI, respiratory, reproductive and urinary systems
Also prevents the destruction of the stomach lining by acidic gastric juices
Microvilli, fingerlike cytoplasmic projections
For absorption in GI tract (stomach to anus)
Mucus from goblet cells moved along by . Found in respiratory system and uterine tubes. Secreted mucus on the surface traps inhaled foreign particles. also moves oocytes to the uterine tubes
Ciliated Simple Columnar Epithelium
Describe Pseudostratified Columnar cells.
Single cell layer
All cells attach to the basement membrane but they don’t all reach the apical surface
Nuclei at varying depths
Respiratory system, male urethra & epididymis
True or False.
Stratified Epithelium is Two or more layers of cells?
True.
Specific kind of stratified epithelium depends on the shape of cells in what layer?
Apical layer
Describe Stratified Squamous Epithelium.
Several cell layers thick.New cells are pushed up toward apical layerAs cells move further from the blood supply they dehydrate, harden, and die.
Surface cells flat at apical surfaceKeratinized, surface cells dead and filled with keratin (skin)
Nonkeratinized, no keratin in moist living cells at surface e.g. Mouth, vagina
What am I?
Collect sloughed off cells of uterus and vaginal walls; Detect cellular changes (precancerous cells)
Pap smear
Where are Stratified Cuboidal Epithelium found most commonly?
ONLY found in sweat gland ducts, esophageal gland & male urethra
Where would you find Stratified Columnar Epithelium?
Very large ducts & part of male urethra
These are derived from epithelial cells that migrated below the surface during development.
