-
lophotrochozoans
- have lophophore (a feeding structure)
- have trochophore (a free-living larva)
-
lophophore
- a circular ring of ciliated/hallow tentacles around mouth
- for food collection and gas exchange
-
trochophore
- the larval form of lophotrochozoans
- moves by beating its cilia
- cilia also helps move food for ingestion
-
Ecdysozoans
- have cuticle
- they molt
- contain Hox genes
-
cuticle
- an external covering that protects and supports the organism
- rid of by molting
-
molting
the shedding of the cuticle to be replaced by a new, larger one
-
exoskeleton
- a type of cuticle
- contains proteins and chitin
- an external skeleton
-
chitin
a waterproof polysaccharide that reinforces cuticles to form exoskeletons
-
arthropod
- "jointed foot"
- a clade
- started the formations of appendages
- legs used for walking, swimming, gas exchange, food capture/manipulation, copulation, and sense perception
-
arrow worms
- an exception
- have 3 part body plan
- predators
- hermaphrodites
-
flatworms
- lack specialized organs for gas exchange
- one opening for mouth/anus
- has blind gut
- hermaphroditic
- some are parasitic
-
rotifers
- tiny organisms with specialized internal organs
- has separate openings for mouth and anus
- contains a complete gut
-
Ribbon worms
- nemerteans
- contains rhynchocoel
- ciliated
-
Phoronids
- small sessile worms that live in muddy or sandy sediments or attached to rocky substrates
- marine animals
- live in chitinous tube
- cilia helps with feeding
-
brachiopods
- solitary marine animals
- have rigid shells divided in two and connected by a ligament
- resemble bivalves
- live attached to substrate or embedded in sediment
- uses cilia for feeding
-
annelids
- segmented
- contains nerve cord
- soft outer layer used for gas exchange
- terrestrial
-
mollusks
- most derived group
- have foot, visceral mass, and mantel
- they have gills, heart, intestine/stomach, separate mouth/anus, and digestive gland
- has open circulatory system
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